Chuyên de on thi vào lớp 10 môn Tiếng Anh, Chuyên đề on thi vào lớp 10 môn tiếng Anh Nguyễn Bá Mạnh, Chuyên đề ngữ pháp tiếng Anh on thi vào 10, Chuyên đề Tiếng Anh lớp 10, Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh on thi vào lớp 10, 16 chuyên đề ôn thi vào lớp 10 môn Tiếng Anh đáp án, Chinh phục luyện thi vào 10 môn Tiếng Anh theo chủ đề pdf, Từ vựng tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10, Đề cương ôn tập ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10 năm 2019, Từ vựng tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10, Kiến thức on thi tuyển sinh lớp 10, Trọng tâm kiến thức và các dạng đề on thi vào lớp 10 môn tiếng Anh, Tài liệu ON thi vào lớp 10 môn tiếng Anh có đáp an, Lý thuyết on thi vào 10 môn tiếng Anh, Học tiếng Anh online ôn thi vào lớp 10, On tập ngữ pháp tiếng Anh thi vào 10
tài liệu ôn thi vào 10
Chuyên de on thi vào lớp 10 môn Tiếng Anh, Chuyên đề on thi vào lớp 10 môn tiếng Anh Nguyễn Bá Mạnh, Chuyên đề ngữ pháp tiếng Anh on thi vào 10, Chuyên đề Tiếng Anh lớp 10, Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh on thi vào lớp 10, 16 chuyên đề ôn thi vào lớp 10 môn Tiếng Anh đáp án, Chinh phục luyện thi vào 10 môn Tiếng Anh theo chủ đề pdf, Từ vựng tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10, Đề cương ôn tập ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10 năm 2019, Từ vựng tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10, Kiến thức on thi tuyển sinh lớp 10, Trọng tâm kiến thức và các dạng đề on thi vào lớp 10 môn tiếng Anh, Tài liệu ON thi vào lớp 10 môn tiếng Anh có đáp an, Lý thuyết on thi vào 10 môn tiếng Anh, Học tiếng Anh online ôn thi vào lớp 10, On tập ngữ pháp tiếng Anh thi vào 10
PHẦN A : CÁC CHUYÊN ĐỀ NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH ÔN THI VÀO 10
CHAPTER 1: TENSES IN ENGLISH
A.The simple present tense: ( Thỡ hiện tại thường ) I. The form: ( Cấu trúc) - “To be”: am / is / are (+) I + am She/ He/ It + is We/ You/ They + are (-) I am not She/ He/ It + is not (isn’t) We/ You/ They + are not (aren’t) (?) Am I ? Is she/ he/ it ? Are we/ you/ they? - Ordinary verbs: ( động từ thường) (+) I / We/ You/ They + V She/ He/ It + V(s, es) (-) I/ We/ You/ They + don’t + V(infinitive without ‘to’) She/ He/ It + doesn’t + V(infinitive without ‘to’) (?) Do + I/ we/ you/ they + V(infinitive without ‘to’)? Does + she/ he/ it + V(infinitive without ‘to’) ? II. The usage: ( Cỏch sử dụng) - Được dựng để diễn tả hành động sự việc được lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần, thúi quen hoặc sở thớch. Ex: She never comes late She writes to her mother twice a month They like drinking coffee. - Được dựng để diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiờn Ex: The earth moves around the Sun Water boils at 1000C - Để diễn tả thời gian biểu, kế hoạch, dự đoỏn,……. Ex:The train leaves at 9.00
III. Notes: (Chỳ ý) * The recognition:(Dấu hiệu nhận biết) Cú một số từ và cụm từ như: - always/ usually/ often/ sometimes/ occasionally/ seldom…. Everyday/ week/ month….,once aweek, twice a year… * Cỏch thờm ‘s, es’ - Thờm ‘es’ vào sau cỏc động từ kết thỳc tận cựng: o, ch, sh, s, x. - Thờm ‘s’ vào sau cỏc động từ cũn lại * Cách đọc khi thêm ‘e, es’ - Đọc là /iz/ khi động từ kết thúc là: ch, sh, s, x - Đọc là /s/ khi động từ kết thúc là: k, p, t - Đọc là /z/ với các động từ cũn lại. Exercise:Dùng động từ trong ngoặc ở thỡ Simple Present 1. Water ( boil ) at 100 0 C. 2. Nam usually ( get ) up at 6.00 ? 3. What you often ( have ) for lunch ? 4. She’ very clever. She ( speak ) 4 languages. 5. Steve ( smoke ) ten cigarettes a day. 6. An insect ( have ) six legs. 7. She often ( visit ) you at weekend ? 8. Mary ( wash ) her teeth twice a day. 9. You often ( watch ) film in the evening ? 10. Mary ( swim ) very well ? 11. She ( not/like ) watching T.V. 12. She ( get ) at 6. o’clock, and ( go ) to school at 7 o’clock. 13. He ( not/ usually/ drive ) to work. He usually ( walk ). 14. Kangaroo ( see ) everywhere in Australia. 15. My father ( drink ) coffee every morning. 16. At Christmas, people often ( decorate ) a tree. 17. It ( not rain ) in the dry season. 18. Nam often ( visit ) you on Sunday ? - No. He ( visit ) me on Saturday 19. What time she ( finish ) work everyday ? - She ( finish ) it at 16.00 20. My mother ( take ) Jim to the dentist many times. 21. My little sister ( drink ) milk everyday. 22. Long ( like ) tennis ? - No. He ( like ) badminton. 23. The Earth ( move ) around the Sun 24. The Sun ( rise ) in the East and ( set ) in the West 25. What you often ( do ) in your free time? B. The present progressive tense: ( Thỡ hiện tại tiếp diễn ) I. The form:(cấu trúc ) (+) I + am + V-ing We/ You/ They + are + V-ing He/ She/ It + is + V-ing (-) I + am not + V-ing We/ You/ They + are not ( aren’t) + V-ing He/ She/ It + is not (isn’t) + V-ing (?) Am + I + V-ing ? Are + we/ you/ they + V-ing ? Is + she/ he/ it + V-ing ? II. The usage: (Cỏch sử dụng) a/ Được sử dụng để diễn tả hành động hoặc sự việc đang sảy ra tại thời điểm núi They are watching TV at the moment b/ Hành động nói chung đang diễn ra nhưng không nhất thiết phảI thực sự diễn ra ngay lúc nói. Ex: I am writing a novel now. III. Notes:(Chỳ ý ) * The recognition: (Dấu hiệu nhận biết) Cú một số từ và cụm từ như: - now/ at present/ at this time/ at the moment. * Cỏc động từ kết thỳc tận cựng là: ‘e’ ta phải bỏ ‘e’ trước khi thờm ING Come - Coming * Một số động từ kết thỳc tận cựng là: ‘ie’ phải chuyển thành ‘y’ trước khi thêm đuôi ‘ing’: Lie - Lying * Nhõn đôi phụ õm cuối khi động từ kết thỳc bằng: Phụ - Nguyờn - Phụ ( dựng cho động từ một âm tiết, hai âm tiết thỡ trọng õm phải ở õm tiết thứ hai ) ( getting, running, having, writing, dying, lying,…) * Một số động từ thường hay khụng sử dụng ở dạng hiện tại tiếp diễn: be/ see/ hear/ understand/ know/ like/ want/ glance/ feel/ think/ smell/ love/ hate/ realize/ seem/ remember/ forget/………( Nếu như thế ta thay thể bằng thỡ hiện tại thường ) Exercise: Dùng động từ trong ngoặc ở thỡ Present Progressive 1. She’s tired. She ( want ) to go home now. 2. Tom ( plant ) the trees in the garden at the moment ? 3. What you ( do ) now ? 4. Listen ! someone ( knock ) on the front door. 5. He ( write ) a novel at present. 6. They ( watch ) T.V at present ? - No. They ( listen ) to the radio 7. He and I ( play ) soccer at the moment. 8. Tom and I ( be ) busy at the moment. 9. They ( see ) a movie at the moment. 10. We ( want ) to go to school at the moment. C. The simple future tense: I. The form: (+) S + will + V (infinitive without ‘to’) (-) S + will not (won’t) + V(infinitive without ‘to’) (?) Will + S + V(infinitive without ‘to’)? Shall + I/ We + V(infinitive without ‘to’) ? II. The usage:(Cỏch sử dụng) - Để diễn tả hành động sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai. Ex: She will visit me next week Lan and Mai will come here tomorrow. III. Notes:(Chỳ ý) * The recognition: - tomorrow, next week/ month/ year/……. Exercise: Dùng động từ trong ngoặc ở thỡ Simple Future 1. I ( go ) to the zoo tomorrow 2. They ( publish ) a book next year. 3. Where you ( spend ) your holiday next year? 4. I am 13 years old. Next year I ( be ) 14. 5. You ( not / go ) to the movies next Sunday. 6. It ( take ) Lan 5 minutes to go to school next year 7. Mrs. Lan ( take ) Minh to the dentist next times. 8. He and I ( play ) soccer tomorrow morning. 10. They ( meet ) their friends next Christmas? 11. I (be) twenty years old next June 12. There ( be ) sunny next Sunday 13. You ( do ) the exercises tomorrow evening? C. Simple past I-form(công thức) ( + ) S + V(ed/2) + O ( - ) S + didn’t + V(base form) + O ( ? ) Did + S + V(base form)+ O ? II-uses(cách dùng): Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ và đó chấm rứt khụng cũn liờn hệ tới hiện tại Ex: I called him last night III-Dấu hiệu nhận biết Trong câu thường xuất hiện các trạnh từ sau thi câu đó phải chia ở thỡ quỏ khứ đơn giản : yesterday, ago, last …, when I was young , when + s + was/were (a) child/children …. D. past progressive: I-form(công thức ( + ) S + was/ were + V(-ing) + O ( - ) S + + was/ were + not + V(-ing) + O ( ? ) was/ were + S + V(-ing) + O ?
II-uses(cách dùng):
Thỡ quỏ khứ tiếp diễn diễn tả một hành động đang xẩy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.
Ex: I was watching Tv at 8 last night
Diễn tả một hành động đang xẩy ra thỡ cú một hành động khác xen vào, hành động xen vào đó được chia ở thỡ quỏ khứ đơn giản. Trong câu thường có when hoặc while
Ex: when I was having dinner, he came
Diễn tả 2 hành động cùng song song xẩy ra
Ex: while I was watching Tv, my father was reading book I.Put the following verbs into three groups: /id/:
II.choose the best answer. 1.I (met/was meeting) a friend while I (did/was doing)the shopping. 2.I (turned/was turning) round and (saw/was seeing) Paula. 3.She (wore/was wearing) a bright red coat when I saw her. 4.I (paid/was paying) for my things when I (heard/was hearing) call my name. 5.We(left/was leaving) the cafe and (said/was saying) goodbye. 6.this time last month we (took/were taking) the final test. 7.While we (had/were having) a drink, a waiter (dropped/was dropping) a pile of plates. 8.When I (came/was coming), he (read/was reading) books. III. correct form of the verbs 1.the doorbell (ring)while Tom (watch) T.V . 2.How fast you(drive)when the accident (happen) 3.Ann and Susan (make).dinn er when Martin (arrive)home. 4.The light (go)out when we (have)dinner, but it (come)on again after about ten minutes. 5.It suddenly (begin)to rain while Laura (sit)in the garden. 6.What you(do)this time yesterday? I (work)on the computer. 7.It (be)cold when we (leave)the house that day, and a slight snow (fall) 8.When I last (see)them they (try)to find a new house near their work. 9.I (walk)along the street when I suddenly(feel)something hit me in the back. I (not/know)what it was. 10.When we (drive)down the hill, a strange object (appear)in the sky. 11.What (you/do)this time yesterday?I was asleep. 12.When we came, he (read)books. 13.I (see)Sue in town yesterday but she (not see)me.she (look)the other way. 14.I(meet)Tom and Ann at the airport a few week ago.They (go) to Berlin and I (go)to Madrid. We (have)a chat while we(wait) for our flight. 15.I (cycle) home yesterday when suddenly a man (step )out into the road in front of me.I (go)quite fast but luckly I (manage) to stop in time and (not/hit) him. 16.Jane (wait) for me when I (arrive) 17(you/ go) out last night ?No, I was too tired. 18.John (take)a photograph of me while I (not/look) 19.I haven’t seen Alan for ages. When I last (see)him , he(try)to find a job in London 20.I (walk)along the street when suddenly I (hear)footsteps behind me. Somebody (follow)me. I was frighted and I (start)to run. E. present perfect: I-form(công thức) ( + ) S + Have / Has + V(ed/3) + O ( - ) S + Have / Has + not + V(ed/3) + O ( ? ) Have/Has + S + V(ed/3) + O ?
II-uses(cách dùng):
Dùng để diễn tả một hành động đã xẩy ra trong quá khứ và còn kéo dài tới hiện tại. Trong câu thường xuất hiện (Since or For)
Dùng để diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xẩy ra trong câu thường xuất hiện (Just)
Dùng để diễn tả một hành động đã từng xẩy ra trong câu thường xuất hiện (Ever)
Dùng để diễn tả một hành động vẫn chưa xẩy ra trong câu thường xuất hiên (Yet)
Dùng để diễn tả một hành động đã xấy ra trong câu thường xuất hiện(Already)
III-Dấu hiệu nhận biết Khi trong câu xuất hiện các trạng từ hoặc cụm từ sau thì câu đó phảI ở thị hiện tại hoàn thành: Since,For,Already,yet,ever,recently=lately,so far=up to now,many time = several time, how long …? It’s the first time + present perfect , It’s the most/adjest + ... Complete the sentences using SINCE or FOR
Linda has been the manage of Timeways travel in London ___three years
I’ve lived in Rome_____I was two
Mr.Woods hasn’t been feeling well ____over a month
Sally and her boyfriend Peter have been going out together____last winter
I’ve been waiting ____ a few minutes
He’s been in Japan ____ 1986
I haven’t seen you ____ christmas
It hasn’t rained here _____ more than a month
we haven’t bought a new shoes ____ ages
We’ve been here ____ january
It has been raining..................lunch time.
My boss has gone away .............ten days
I haved lived in England...............a year.
She has lived in London.................1985.
Please hurry up ! We have been waiting .............an hour.
I have known her...............January.
Nam’s father has worked in this company .................20 years.
Have you learned English.........a long time?
I haven’t seen Tom................Monday.
This house is very dirty. Wer haven’t cleaned it .............ages
Put the verb in the correct tense and insert SINCE or FOR
____ the last two years, clothes (be) very dear
Coal (become) dearer ___ the end of last year
I (write) ten letters _____ breakfast
“You (see) my friends lately?” “not ___3 days”
I (not see) him ____ more than a week
“ How long you(wait)?””____half an hour”
That boy (not wash) his face ___ some time
I (not have) a good night’s sleep ____ last week
She (practice) the piano ___ 6.00
Henry (not have) a holiday ____ the year before last
Put the verbs into the present perfect tense
I (live) here since 1970
He (study) English for three years
They (come) here many times
He (already read) these books
She (just visit) us
I (ever see) this cartoon
You (ever talk) to her?
He(have) lunch yet?
We (not see) her parents yet
His sister (work) for this company since 1995
They (build) those building recently
I (not be) successful so far
Up to now he (win) the prize
It’s the second time he (visit) the USA
I (not live) here since he (be) a child
This is the nicest restaurant I (ever see)
The doctor (be) here since 8 o’clock
It (rain) yesterday after it (be) dry for many month
We (already choose) the new person for the job
You (pay) the taxi-driver yet?
Choose the best answer 1.We’ve been here ............last week. A. since B. for C. by D. from 2.They haven’t seen each other ...........a long time. A. since B. for C. with D. about 3.My mother..........in this hospital for 9 years. A. have worked B. worked C. has worked D. works 4............you had breakfast since 6.00 a. m ? A. Do B. Does C. Have D. Has 5.I have.........her for some years. A. know B. known C. knew D. knowing 6............ have you lived here? A. When B. How long C. What time D. What 7.I ...................................my book .I can’t find it anywhere.
A.lost
B.have lost
C.has lost
D. lose
8.For a long time, the áAo dai................the subject of poems,novels,and songs.
Những mẫu cõu quan trọng khi viết lại cõu ở thỡ HTHT & QKĐG
-to V........ ago 2. S + started / began -V_ing.........in, when - for........ -> S + have /has + p.p ............ - since....... 2. This is the first time...+ S + have/has +p.p.......... -> S + have/ has + not + p.p............before.
In + năm 3. S + last + Ved/ c2 +.......... when + mệnh đề Khoảng thời gian + ago -> The last time + S + Ved/c2 +.......+ was + in.... / .....ago. -> It’s + năm / khoảng tg + since + S + V(ed/c2)........... -> S + haven’t / hasn’t + p.p...........for / since............. 4. when + did + S + V(bare inf)..........? -> how long + have/has +S + p.p.......? When + did + S + last + V(bare inf).......? -> how long is it + Since + S + last + ved/c2.........? Rewrite sentences so that the meaning stay the same 1. We haven’t been to the concert for over a year . The last time ……………………………………………………………………… 2. We last saw our grandfather two years ago . We haven’t ………………………………………………………………………… 3. I have never read such a romantic story . This is ……………………………………………………………………………… 4. It’s nearly twenty years since my father saw my uncle My father ……………………………………………………………………… 5. he hasn’t been back to his village for over 20 years . It’s ………………………………………………………………………………… 6. The journey to the village was very interesting to the boys . We haven’t ………………………………………………………………………… 7. The last time we went to a cinema was two years ago . We haven’t ……………………………………………………………………… 8. The last time we saw him was on Monday . We………………………………………………………………………………… 9. The last time I saw David was in 1989 . I……………………………………………………………………………………
CHAPTER 2: WISH CLAUSE
I - Định nghĩa: Câu ao ước là câu diễn tả một mong ước,một mong ước không có thực hoặc khó có thể xẩy ra. II – Phân loại:
Câu ao ước ở hiện tại: Để diễn đạt ước muốn không có thực ở hiện tại người ta dùng thì quá khứ của động từ trong mệnh đề đứng sau wish
S + Wish + S + V(ed/2)/were
I don’t know EnglishèI wish I knew English He watches this film è He wish he didn’t watch this film
Câu ao ước ở quá khứ: Dùng để diễn tả ước muốn không có thực ở quá khứ người ta dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành trong mệnh đề đứng sau wish
S + Wish + S + had + V(ed/3)
I didn’t have enough money yesterday èI wish I had money yesterday
Câu ao ước ở tương lai : Để diễn tả một ước muốn không có thực ở tương lai
S + Wish + S + would + V(base form)
I won’t love her èI wish I would love her * Note: IF ONLY (Giỏ mà) Cỏch sử dụng giống với WISH She can’t come tomorrow
she wish she could come tomorrow
If only she could come tomorrow
III – Cách làm: Đê chuyển câu dưới dạng biểu đạt câu ước muốn ta tiến hành theo các bước sau:
Xác định câu đã cho ở thì nào thì câu ước muốn ở thì đó
Câu đã cho viết ở thức thể nào thì câu ước muốn sẽ ở dạng ngược lại(câu đã cho ở khẳng định thì câu ước muốn ở phủ định và ngược lại)
Đối chiếu công thức của câu ước muốn và hoàn thành câu
Rewrite sentences so that the meaning stay the same
It rain today
We wish ___________________________________________________
She doesn’t join the trip with her classmates
She wishes _________________________________________________
Phong gets bad mark this semester
He wishes __________________________________________________
Thu doesn’t have enough time to do the test
She wishes _________________________________________________
It’s cold and windy
I wish _____________________________________________________
Lan miss the bus to school
She wishes _________________________________________________
I can’t hear that strange noise
I wish _____________________________________________________
They do nothing for their mini-project
They wish __________________________________________________
Hoa and Ba won’t go fishing this weekend
They wish __________________________________________________
Nam’s father doesn’t get the promotion
He wishes__________________________________________________
My team doesn’t win the game
I wish _____________________________________________________
I don’t know how to speak Spanish
I wish _____________________________________________________
The boy is too short to play volleyball
He wishes __________________________________________________
Her little brother can’t swim
He wishes __________________________________________________
Lan never visit the citadel in Hue
She wish ___________________________________________________
Their mother doesn’t buy them new comics
They wish __________________________________________________
Tuan doesn’t write the coposition
He wishes __________________________________________________
Quy doesn’t take part in the soccer match training
She wishes _________________________________________________
Her mother can’t drive a car
She wishes _________________________________________________
The “Y and Y” club cancels the meeting
The members wish____________________________________________
Lan can not run as fast as her friends
She wishes ________________________________________________ 22.Thang has to stay home because of her sickness He wishes _________________________________________________ 23.The girls don’t perform very well They wish _________________________________________________ 24.Some student are late for class They wish _________________________________________________ 25.My class make a lot of noise I wish _____________________________________________________ 26.I didn’t go shopping I wish _____________________________________________________ 27.You didn’t tell them about it I wish _____________________________________________________ 28.John didn’t come to the meeting I wish _____________________________________________________ 29.He made a lot of mistake last year I wish ____________________________________________________ 30.I’m sorry I missed the film last night I wish ____________________________________________________ Correct the verb form 1.I wish you(drive) carefully in the future 2. He wishes his mother (be) here now to give him some advices 3. I wish I (know) all about this matter several week ago 4. I wish I (have) more time now to help you with your work 5. I wish I (study) psychology when I was a college 6. I wish someone (offer) to help me with that work tomorrow 7.It’s a pity you didn’t ask him how to get there I wish you (ask) him how to get there. 8. Tom wish he (be) there yesterday 9. Susan wishes she (can speak) VietNamese 10.I wish I (be) free now 11.I can’t come tomorrow.I wish I (come) tomorrow 12.The little boy wishes he (become) an arcobat when he grew up 13.I wish I (be) a famous singer 14.I wish I (see) this film on television again 15. I wish they (know) the truth yesterday 16. She wishes her father ( be) here now to help her 17. I wish they ( visit) us when they were in town. 18. I wish someone ( give) me a job next month. 19. If only I ( can take) the trip to Hanoi with her next summer. 20. I wish they ( know) the truth yesterday. 21. I wish I (see) that film on TV again. 22. We wish she (be) our teacher of English. 23. My brother wishes he (not waste) time when he was young. 24. They wish they (come) to class on time yesterday morning. 25. I wish I ( spend) my last summer vacation in the mountains. 26.I wish she (come) to see me yesterday. 27.If only I ( have) more time to do this job. 28.He missed an exceiting football match on TV last night. He wishes he ( watch ) it. 29.I wish you ( not give ) them my phone number yesterday. 30.We wish we ( understand) all the teacher’s explanation yesterday
Choose the best answer 1.This is a difficult problem. I wish I ……..the answer. a. know b. knew c. had known d. would know 2.I couldn’t come to Mary’s birthday party last night. I wish…….. there. a. I could b. I had come c. I could have come d. came 3.I can’t understand anything Marie says. I wish I …….French. a. can speak b. speak c. could speak d. speaking 4.I want to get in touch with Jane. If only I …….her phone number. a. knew b. to know c. know d. knowing 5. Helen has a lot of work to do today. She wishes she …….more time. a. has had b. has c. had had d. had 6. Mary didn’t get good marks for the test last week. She wishes she …….more carefully. a. study b. would study c. studied d. had studied 7.I wish you …….watching television while I am talking to you. a. stop b. stopped c. stop d. to stop 8.Bill wishes he …….more money so he could buy a new bike. a. has b. have c. had d. having 9. If only I…….a birth, I could fly freely to anywhere I want. a. am b. was c. were d. would be 10. I wish I …….so rude to my parents yesterday. a. weren’t b. hadn’t been c. haven’t been d. am not 11. I wish I ……..play the piano as well as my close friend …….. a. could/ play b. can/ plays c. could/ plays d. can play 12.I wish I …….. to my parents. Now it’s too late. a. listen b. would listen c. have listened d. had listened 13. If only he ……..me the truth, I didn’t treat her badly. a. told b. had told c. tells d. would tell 14.I wish I ……to the movies with you last night. a. went b. go c. have gone d. had gone 15. She wishes she ……him the bad news yesterday. a. didn’t tell b. doesn’t tell c. hadn’t told d. wouldn’t tell 16.If only I …… for that job, I might be a typist now. a. apply b. applied c. had applied d. have applied 1. It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this. A. I wish you told us about this. B. I wish you would told us about this. C. I wish you had told us about this. D. I wish you have told us about this. 2. It's such a pity your sister can't come as well. A. I am very sorry that your sister couldn't come. B. I wonder why your sister can't come. C. If only your sister could come as well. D. If only your sister can come 3.They regret ever getting married. A. They wish they had never got married. B. They wish they never got married. C. They wish they did not get married. D. They wish they have never got married. 4. I'm sorry that he won't accept the job he 's been offered. A. I wish he will accept the job he's been offered. B. I wish he would accept the job he's been offered. C. I wish he had accepted the job he's been offered. D. I wish he would haveaccepted the job he's been offered. 5.I regret going to bed so late last night. A. I wish I didn't go to bed so late last night. B. I wish I went to bed early last night. C. I wish I hadn't gone to bed so late last night. D. I wish I had gone to bed early last night. 6.what a pity! You aren’t here with us now A. I wish you aren’t here with us now B. I wish you weren’t here with us now C. I wish you were here with us now D. I wish you would be here with us now 7. I’d like my father give up smoking A. I wish my father gave up smoking B. I wish my father will give up smoking C. I wish my father gives up smoking D. I wish my father can give up smoking 8. He doesn’t help his mother with house work A. I wish he helps his mother with house work B. I wish he does helped his mother with house work C. I wish he helped his mother with house work D. I wish he would help his mother with house work 9. My friends often go on a camping trip without me A. I wish my friends go on a camping trip without me B. I wish my friends went on a camping trip without me C. I wish my friends go on a camping trip with me D. I wish my friends went on a camping trip with me 10. He must go now A. He wishes he doesn’t go now B. He wishes he won’t go now C. He wishes he didn’t have to go now D. He wishes he hadn’t to go now
CHAPTER 3: PASSIVE VOICE
I - Định nghĩa: 1. Câu chủ động là câu mà chủ ngữ gây ra hành động I study English (tôI học tiếng anh) 2. Câu bị động là câu mà chủ ngữ bị tác động bởi hành động English is studied by me
II – Quy tắc chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
Tìm hiểu,phân tích câu làm 3 thành phần (S,V,O)
Đưa tân ngữ của câu chủ động xuống làm chủ ngữ của câu bị đông
Đổi động từ của câu chủ đọng thành (be+Ved/3)-câu chủ động ở thì nào thì động từ tobe phảI ở thì đó
Đưa S của câu chủ động xuống làm O của câu bị động được đặt sau giới từ By.(By có thể lược bỏ nếu S không dõ hay không quan trọng như: people,someone,they,somebody…)
Active : S + V + O
Pasive : S + be + V(ed/3) + (by + O)
Mr Manh teaches English èEnglish is taught by Mr Manh *Note : - Nếu trong câu có nhiều trạng từ thị khi chuyển sang câu bị động chúng được sắp xếp theo thứ tự sau : Thể cách + nơi chốn + thời gian Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn được đặt trước By + O Trạng từ chỉ thời gian được đặt sau By + O
Nếu câu chủ động có 2 tân ngữ thì một trong 2 tân ngữ có thể làm S trong câu bị động
He gave me a pen èI was given a pen by him èA pen was given to me by him II – Some special Passive form: 1/ Questions: Ex: Who wrote that play? -> By whom was that play written? Have they read the letter? -> Has the letter been read?
2/ Material agent: Ex: Smoke filled the room. -> The room was filled with smoke. 3/ Negative pronoun agent: Ex: Nobody can unlock the case. -> The case can’t be unlocked. 4/ Sentences with two objects: Ex: Mary’s parents gave her a birthday present.
Mary was given a birthday present by her parents.
A birthday present was given to Mary by her parents.
III – Câu bị động của các thì trong tiếng anh
Tenses
Active
Passive
Hiện tại đơn giản
S + V_(s/es)
is S + Am + V_(ed/3) + by + O Are
Quá khứ đơn giản
S + V_(ed/2)
was S + + V_(ed/3) + by + O were
Hiện tại tiếp diễn
is S + Am + V-ing Are
is S +Am+being +V(ed/3)+by+O Are
Quá khứ tiếp diễn
was S + +V-ing were
was S + +being+V(ed/3) +by+O Were
Hiện tại hoàn thành
Have S+ +V(ed/3) Has
Have S+ + been + V(ed/3)+by+O Has
Tương lai đơn và động từ khuyết thiếu
Will Can S+Shall + V Ought to Should…
Will Can S+ Shall + be + Ved/3+by+O Ought to Should…
* Một số trường hợp bị động khác: a. Bị động với “ have / get something done ”: Hình thức bị động này được sử dụng để nhấn mạnh rằng hành động của chủ thể được thực hiện của người khác. Eg: + Someone painted John’s flat yesterday. John had his flat pạinted yesterday. b. Bị động với hình thức nguyên thể (infinitive) và danh động từ (gerund ). Eg: + We dọn’t want to be refused entry. + She hates being photographed. c. Bị động với các động từ chỉ quan điểm ( verbs of opinion ): believe, know, say,report, think,… Hình thức bị động này thường được sử dụng khi người nói muốn tránh đề cập tới chủ thể thực hiện hành động.
It + to be + PII(ed/cột 3) + that + clause.
Hoặc:
S + to be + PII(ed/cột 3) + to-inf/to have + PII(ed/cột 3).
Eg: + People believe that David left New Zealand last week. It is believed that David left New Zealand last week. David is believed to have left New Zealand last week. * Chú ý : - Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là các đại từ nhân xưng như I/you/we/they/she/he/it/ hoặc các phiếm từ như people/someone/somebody.. chuyển sang câu bị động chúng ta không cần dùng by + O. - Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là các danh từ tên riêng hay các danh từ chỉ giống và danh từ cụ thể chuyển sang câu bị động chúng ta phải sử dụng by + O. I/ Rewrite the sentences, use the verbs in present passive form: 1. People use milk for making butter and cheese. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 2. The milkman brings bottles of milk to houses. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 3. Careless driving causes many accidents. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Weeds cover the river bank. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 5. People speak English all over the world. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 6. They don't use this house very often. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 7. Do they teach French in this school? -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 8. They make a lot of beautiful toys from recycled plastic. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 9. The workers clean the streets every day. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 10. Do they usually hold the concerts at the university? -> …………………………………………………………………………….. II/ Rewrite these sentences, using the verbs in passive form with "will/ can/ should/ must + be + past participle." 1. Some body will clean the room later. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 2. You mustn't open this parcel until Christmas Day. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 3. They can't make tea with cold water. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. The students will hold a meeting before the Teacher's Day. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 5. People can recycle tires to make pipes or floor coverings. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 6. They should send applications before December. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 7. The manage must sign the contract today. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 8. They will build the new bridge by the end of the year. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 9. We should use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 10. We can use the garbage to make fertilizer. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. III/ Change these sentences into passive: 1. Some body clean the house every day. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 2. How do people learn language? -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 3. John will collect me at the airport. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Mr. Robinson teaches us how to speak English properly. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 5. Your teacher must sign this form. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 6. People play football all over the world. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 7. Our form teacher will hold a class discussion next Monday. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 8. Will you invite her to your birthday party? -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 9. We can't wear jeans at work. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 10. Do they speak French and English in Canada? -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 11. They separated the rice from the husk. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 12. The boys made a fire by their camp. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 13. They build this house more than one hundred years ago. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 14. Every year Viet Nam exports millions of tons of rice. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 15. Vietnamese people celebrate their Lunar New Year around January or February. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 16. After Tet holiday Vietnamese people usually plant trees in their neighborhood. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 17. How many festivals do you celebrate in your community? -> ……………………………………………………………………………..
18. How many motorbikes does Viet Nam import a year? -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 19. The publisher published his book in 1996. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 20. They repaired our desk during the weekend. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. IV/ Use the passive and an infinitive to rewrite the sentences below: Ex: 0. They asked me to repair the table. -> I was told to repair the table. 1. They told him to stay home for three days. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 2. They asked Mr. Robinson to do the shopping. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 3. She told him not to talk in the class. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Mr. Thompson allowed us to use his computer. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 5. He taught me to do the magic when I was a boy. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 6. They advised us to take a bus downtown -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 7. The organization asked him to take an English test. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 8. They say that she is the best student in the class. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 9. They told us to go home and wait. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 10. The teacher told us to work harder on English pronunciation. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. V/ Complete the second sentences so that it has the same meaning to the first: 1. We must pay the bill at once. -> The bill ……………………………………………………………… 2. I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon. -> Your bicycle……………………………………………………………… 3. Penicillin can cure many dangerous diseases. -> Many.. …………………………………………………………………… 4. Does your country export rice to Britain? -> Is rice …………………………………………………………………… 5. Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem in 1823. -> The poem ……………………………………………………………… 6. Christmas cards should be sent a week before Christmas day. -> You ……………………………………………………………………… 7. Nobody has used this machine for year. -> This machine ..………………………………………………………… 8. They use recycled plastic to make toys and utensils. -> Recycled………………………………………………………………..
9. Tax free goods can be bought before you get on the plane. -> You …………………………………………………………………… 10. The repairman is going to repair my car next week. -> We are going to have…………………………………………………… 11.They can make tea with boiled water. -> Tea ................................................................... 12. He is instructing all the workers of the plan at the moment. -> All the workers of the plan ................................................................... 13. A boy has just taken some of my books away. -> Some of my books ................................................................... 14. They will hold the celebration before January. -> The celebration ................................................................... 15. They have to repair their car. -> Their car ................................................................... 16. The boys broke the window last night. -> The window ................................................................... 17. People spend much money on advertising everyday. -> Much money .................................................................. 18. Hung took some pictures of his father away yesterday. -> Some pictures of his father ......................................................... 19. They may use their rooms for the classrooms. -> Their rooms .................................................................. 20. The teacher is going to punish some students. -> Some students ................................................................... III/ Change these sentences into passive:
Peter is writing a letter to his friend
My friends making some phone calls in the evening
B ad drivers are causing many accidents
The children are eating a lot of sweets
Nam is repairing mt piano at the moment
they are demolishing the entire block
someone is cutting the glass now
that factory is producing more and more pollution
someone is showing her how to do it
the boys are planting some trees in the garden
Lan was prepairing that report when I came to see him
Waiters and waitresses were serving customers
The president was signig those papers
Was Mary helping her mother in the kitchen at that time?
The head teacher was making the announcement
Someone was cleaning the windows while I was there
They were preseting the athletes to the spectators when we came
Someone is making the coffee when I walk into the kitchen
They have sold their car to pay debts
No one has opened the window for ages
No one has ever asked me that question before
They haven’t done anything since he left
A doctor has just examined John
They haven’t used this machine for ages
Peter has sung this song
They have paid doctors a lot of money
She has eaten all the ages
Famous engineers have designed the aircraft
Have several people just seen the accident?
We have invited all the members to the party
III/ Change these sentences into active:
Lan is helped by the teacher
I am surprised by the news
The letter will be posted by Lan
The cake has been eaten by the children
That letter was written by Linda
You will be amazed by this news
The letter is going to be answered by the secrectary
Many people are employed by that company
The work will be done by Mr Manh
The window was washed by Mr Truong
This house was built in 1990
We have been invited to a party
That dictionary has been bought by my sister
Is spanish spoken in Peru?
Is English spoken by a large of people?
IV/Choose the best answer
They use cars and trucks to carry food to market
Cars and trucks are used to carrying food to market
Cars and trucks are used to carry food to market
Cars and trucks are use to carry food to market
Cars and trucks are used to carried food to market
We will meet him at the station
He will be met at the station
He will meet at the station
He will be meet at the station
He will be meeted at the station
How long have they doe their work?
How long have their work been done?
How long has their work be done?
How long has their work been done?
How long have their work done?
No one could help him
He could be helped by no one
He couldn’t be helped by no one
He could be helped
He could helped
The gate is painted once a year
They paint the gate one a year
They painted the gate one a year
They are painting the gate one a year
D. They will paint the gate one a year
Food can’t be sold on the sidewalk
They can’t sold food on the sidewalk
They can’t be sold food on the sidewalk
They can’t sell food on the sidewalk
They can sell food on the sidewalk
The flowers shouldn’t be cut in this garden
You shouldn’t be cut the flowers in this garden
The flowers shouldn’t cutting the flowers in this garden
The flowers shouldn’t cut the flowers in this garden
D. You shouldn’t cut the flowers in this garden
When was this car bought?
When do they buy this car ?
When did they bought this car?
When did they buy this car?
When are they bought this car?
Why isn’t she taken to the cinema with them?
Why don’t they taken her to the cinema with them?
Why doesn’t she take to the cinema with them?
Why doesn’t she take them to the cinema?
D. Why don’t they take her to the cinema with them?
Who was she invited to the party by?
Who invited her to the party by?
Who invited her to the party?
Whom invites her to the party?
Whom invited her to the party?
CHAPTER 4: PREPOSITIONS
Giới từ là những từ được dùng với danh từ (hoặc đại từ,danh động từ)để chỉ sự liờn hệ cỏc từ ấy với cỏc từ khỏc trong cõu THE USE OF PREPOSITIONS (CÁCH DÙNG CỦA GIỚI TỪ) 1/ AT: * Cho thời gian : - at 4 c’clock/5 p.m/night/christmas/Easter/once(ngay lập tức)/the moment/present/weeken. * Cho nơi chốn : - at home/the seaside/school/the coner of the street/the top/the beginning/the end/ 2/ IN : Cho thời gian :
Năm : in 1990
Thỏng : in June, in May
Mựa : in spring, in summer ..
Buổi : (trừ at night) in the morning, in the afternoon..
In time (đúng giờ)
* Cho nơi chốn : - in (ở trong) in the box, in the living roon… - in đứng trước các thành phố, đất nước, miền, phương hướng .. in London, in Viet Nam, in the East …
3/ON : * Cho thời gian: - on được dùng trước thứ(ngày trong tuần) on Sunday, on Monday… - on được dùng đứng trước ngày tháng on June 10th … - on time (đúng giờ-chính xác) * Cho nơi chốn : - on (ở trờn) there is a book on the table - on food, on radio, on TV, on the beach … 4/BY :
By được dùng trong câu bị động (có nghĩa là bởi)
By được dùng để chỉ phương tiện đi lại by bike, by car …
By the time (trước khi), by change(tỡnh cờ), learn by heart (học thuộc lũng)
5/TO :
thường đi sau theo động từ GO go to (đi đến)
lưu y : Go home
6/INTO : - into (vào trong) được dung sau các động từ GO, PUT, GET, FALL(ngó) JUMP(nhảy), COME …. 7/OUT OF: - Out of (ra khoỉ) he comes out of the house 8/WITH : (với) 9/UNDER: (ở dưới) PREPOSITIONS FOLLOWING ADJECTIVES (Giới từ theo sau cỏc tớnh từ) 1/ OF :
ashamed of (xấu hổ về ) – afraid of (sợ, e sợ ..) – aware of (nhận thức) – capable of (có khả năng) – confident of(tin tưởng) – doubtful of(nghi ngờ) – fond of(thích) – full of(đầy), hopeful of(hy vọng) – independent of(độc lập) – proud of(tự hào) – jealous of(ghen tị) – guitly of(cú tội) – sick of(chỏn nản) – joyful of(vui mừng) – quick of(nhanh chúng về)
2/TO:
acceptable to(cú thể chấp nhận) – accustomed to(quen với) – addicted to (đam mê) – delightful to(thú vị đối với ai) – familiar to sb(quen thuộc với ai) – clear to(rừ dàng) – contrary to(trỏi lập) – similar to(giống,tương tự) - …
3/ FOR:
late for (trễ) – famous for(nổi tiếng) – necessary for(cần thiết) – greedy for(tham lam) – perfect for(hoàn hảo) – suitable for(phự hợp) – sorry for (xin lỗi) – good for(tốt cho) – useful for(co ớch) – ready for(sẵn sàng) – convinient for(thuận lợi) – responsible for(chịu trỏch nhiệm)…
bored with(chỏn) – fed up with(chỏn)- busy with(bận) – crowded with (đông đúc) – angry with (giận dữ) – friendly with (thõn mật) – acquainted with (làm quen) – popular with (phổ biến) – satisfied with (thỏa món )- …
Jacson was late because he was not aware ..........the time
Mary is sitting ................her father and mother
Pasteur devoted all his time .............science
Are you jealous ................his success.
He is so busy ..............his work
They spend much time .............reading books
They were excited ...............the TV programme
We buy it ............a low price
A raincoat keeps you..........being ill
He asked ............some money
His teacher believes................his improvement
Three prisoners escaped ...........the prison in May
He’s very good ............telling jokes
Better methods of refrigeration depend ..............engineers
That’s very kind .........you to help me
What is the reason..............your absence?
I’m really proud ..................my mother
Did Mr John succeed................selling his old car?
Measuring money must be very difficult to carry...........
Why did those fellows insist .............doing everything themselves?
The teacher divided the class .............two groups
We will provide you .............plastic bags.
We're afraid to say that we don’t agree ........your project.It causes many bad things ......environment.
Tom's parents was disappointed ..........him because he failed final test.
Take an umbrella with you. It will save you ........getting wet on the way home.
The boys keeps .......asking his father ..........protecting the environment.
The street are full ......garbage.
We are all responsible .........keeping the environment clear and clean.
There’s no point ...............arguing
She’s famous ...............her intelligence
if you earn a good salary,you can be independent ...........your parents
She was quite satisfied ..........your anwser
This story is similar ................that one
He often borrow money...............his friends
Correct the mistakes where necessary
Lan is a very good student.She always comes to class in time
His birthday falls in 23 july
Always take a short nap in the afternoon before you start working again
We have class meeting on Saturdays
We were very lucky not to miss the first part of the play .We came to the theater just on time
At the end of the day studying,he felt a pain in his chest
Ho Chi Minh city appears extremely beautiful in night
We moved into this city on 2009
since 1975 to 2009,I studied at Nguyen Thi Minh Khai high school
What are you doing at the time being?
Choose the best answer III.Choose the best answer 1. She was very surprised________ the grade she received. a. at b. on c. of d. about 2. We might need more food, depending____ how many people turn up. a. for b. on c. at d. wit 3. Jane doesn't spend much money______ clothes. a. over b. about c. at d. on 4. She always takes good care_______ her children. a. for b. in c. of d. with 5. A sign warned motorists______ dangers. a. of b. for c. about d. a and c 6. They translated the letter ______ French. a. for b. with c. into d. about 7. I was disappointed________ the grade I received on my last essay. a. for b. about c. to d. a and b 8. The medical center is close ________ campus. a. to b. for c. up d. with 9. We went there_______ car and stayed there for the whole day. a. in b. on c. with d. by 10. We started our journey ______ foot. a. with b. by c. on d. in 11. He always prevents me_______ doing my duty. a. of b. from c. with d. against 12. I write letters _______ my right hand. a. in b. by c. with d. at 13. The war victims suffered terribly______ cold and hunger. a. with b. from c. through d. of 14. She is absent_______ class a. at b. from c. to d. away 15. It is very nice__of___ you to take so much trouble. a. of b. to c. for d. from 16. She arrived ……..two o’clock…….. the morning. a. at/ on b. in/ in c. at / in d. on/ in 17. Brown and yellow hair is fashionable………the moment. a. in b. at c. over d. on 18. They see each other ……..lunchtime and ……..night only. a. in/ in b. on/ on c. at/ at d. in/ at 19. Remember the meeting will be ……..Tuesday, ……..9 am and 11am. a. on/ at b. on/ from c. on / between d. at/ at 20. I know Jane. I first met her ……Christmas……1990. a. in/ in b. at/ in c. at/ at d. on/ in
CHAPTER 5: ADVERB CLAUSES OF RESULT (so,so that,so…that,such…that,too…to,enough … to) I – Form: Tri came to class late so he was punished
So + S + V + ….
II – use : To introduce a result of an action or a state He ran very very fast so nobody could catch him She was kind so everyone loves her III – Note : (quá…đến nỗi mà …)
S + be/v + So + Adj / Adv + that + S + V + O S + be + Such + (a/an) + Adj + N + that + S + V + O
Kết hợp hai câu đơn thành một câu phức sử dụng so/such ta lam theo các bước sau:
Lựa chọn giữa so và such (Nếu từ ở cuối câu đầu là adj / adv à So . Nếu từ ở cuối câu đầu là N à Such)
Đặt SO hoặc SUCH trước a / an hoặc trước tính từ và bỏ very nếu có
Thay dấu chám giữa hai câu bằng THAT
The milk is very hot. The younger brother can’t drink it à The milk is so hot that the younger brother can’t drink it It was very good coffe. I had another cup à It was such coffe that I had another cup
Fill in the blanks with so or such
The city is ___ green that it attracts a lot of tourists
It was ___ a peaceful place that we enjoyed ourselves so much
They are ___ good players that they always win the tournament
The actor played ____ well that he won an Oscar
It was ___ a boring speech that most of us fell asleep
The trip was ____ long that all the passengers felt exhausted
Her voice was ___ soft that I had to interrupt her many times
He scored ___ an important goal that he was widly cheered by the crowd
Combine these pairs of sentences,using “ so…that ” or “ such…that ” ( Kết hợp mỗi cặp cõu sau, dựng “ so …that” hoặc “ such …that”) 1.My friend is too sick. He can’t go to school. 2.The food was very good. We finished it up just a few minutes. 3.New York was a very big city. Jane was lost in it. 4.My neighbours are very bad persons. They made noise all day. 5. She bought too many things. She couldn’t bring them home at a time. 6.She is quite poor. She can’t buy bicycle. 7. He gave us very good advice. All of us are thankful to him. 8.There is too much furniture in the room. We don’t have enough space for the meeting. 9.Lan was very busy. She couldn’t go to the movies with us. 10. Mr Green drank too much wine. He got sick.
I.Too ….to : quỏ …khụng thể. - Được dùng để chỉ một nguyên nhân đưa tới một kết quả phủ định. * Form: Too + adj/adv + to –inf * Eg: - He istoo youngto go to school. - She rantooslowlyto catch the train. - Nếu động từ theo sau diễn tả một sự việc được thực hiện bởi một chủ ngữ khác với chủ ngữ của động từ đi trước thỡ ta dựng: * Form: Too + adj/adv + for + somebody + to –inf * Eg : - The questions aretoodifficult for usto answer. - The box wastoo heavy for the childrento carry. II.Enough to …: đủ …để có thể. - Được dùng để chỉ một nguyên nhân đưa tới một kết quả tất nhiên. * Form: adj/adv + enough + to – inf * Eg: - He is sickenough to need a docter. - The policeman ran fast enough to catch the thief. - Nếu động từ theo sau diễn tả một sự việc được thực hiện bởi chủ ngữ khác với chủ ngữ của động từ đi trước thỡ ta dựng : * Form: adj/ adv + enough + for + somebody + to – inf * Eg: - The exercises areeasy enoughfor youto do. - He spoke English slowly enoughfor usto understand. B.Bài tập. I. Combine these sentences, using “ too… to ” or “ enough… to ”, ( Kết hợp cỏc cõu sau dựng “too … to” hoặc “enough to…”) 1. These oranges are ripe. You can eat them. 2.He is strong. He can carry this table. 3. The house is large. My family can live in it. 4.It was very late. They didn’t go to the party. 5.The dress is so dirty. She can’t wear it. 6.She is tall. She can reach the top shelf. 7.Mr Brown isn’t rich. He can’t buy car. 8.My grandmother is very weak. She can’t lift the box. 9.The film is very good. The children won’t miss it. 10. Those shoes are large. You can wear them. II. Combine these sentences, using “ …too + adj + for + …+ to-inf ”. ( Kết hợp cõu dựng “ … too + adj + for + …+ to-inf”) .1.The child can’t drink this milk. It’s too hot. 2.We can’t lift this weight. It’s too heavy. 3. They can’t push the piano through that door, it’s too narrow. 4.You can’t hang the picture on that wall. It’s too small. 5. She can’t watch this programme. It’s too boring. III. Combine these sentences, using “ adj + enough + (for) + to-inf ”. (Nối cõu dựng “ adj + enough + (for) + to-inf”.) 1.You shouldn’t wear this coat in winter. It’s not warm enough. 2.Don’t stand on that chair. It’s not strong enough. 3. You can’t sleep in this bed. It’s not wide enough for you two. 4. I couldn’t make coffee for everyone. There weren’t enough cups. 5. He didn’t finish the examination. He didn’t have enough time. Rewrite sentences so that the meaning stay the same 1. The book is too interesting. I have read it many times. -> The book is___________________________________________ 2. She is a very beautiful girl. We all like her. -> She is________________________________________________ 3. The coffee was so hot that I couldn’t drink it. -> The coffee was such___________________________________ 4. It is such a low bridge that car can’t go under it. -> The bridge is so___________________________________ 5. The pupul is so intelligent that he can answer all my questions. -> He is such_________________________________________ 6. She has such wide knowledge that we can’t help admiring her. -> Her knowledge is so________________________________ 7. These people are kind. We love them. -> They are such______________________________________ 8. He is such a lazy boy that he can’t make progress in his study. -> The boy is so_______________________________________ 9. She is very old. She can’t walk far. -> she is too__________________________________________ 10. The wall is so high. They don’t climb over it. -> The wall is too_____________________________________ 11. She is too young to see that film. -> She isn’t old_______________________________________ 12. It was so cold that we don’t go out. -> It was too__________________________________________ 13. This store is too small for us to take notice of it. -> This store isn’t____________________________________ 14. These goods are too expensive to be sold quickly. -> These goods are so__________________________________ 15. The ground was so hard that he couldn’t dig it. -> The ground was too__________________________________
CHAPTER 6: REPORTED SPEECH
I)Một số lưu ý khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp: a/Thay đổi thì của động từ:.
Direct speech
Reported speech
1. The simple present tense - is/are/ am - don’t/doesn’t + V(inf) - Verb in the present
1. The past simple tense - was/were - didn’t +V(inf) - Verb in the past
2. The present progressive tense - is/ are/ am(not)+ V- ing.
2. The past progressive tense - was/ were(not) + V-ing
3. The simple future tense - will + V (inf)
3. The simple future tense in the past - would + V(inf)
4. Modal verbs - can - must - may - have to
- could - had to - might - had to
b/. Thay đổi các đại từ:
* First personal pronouns - I / We - my / our - me / us
* Third personal pronouns - He / She / They - his / her / their - him / her / them
* Second personal pronouns
* The same with objectives of the main clause
* Third personal pronouns
* Not change
c/ Thay đổi các trạng từ chỉ thời gian: - this - these - now - here - today - tonight - tomorrow
- that - those - then - there - that day - that night - the following day / the next day
II)Một số hình thức câu gián tiếp cơ bản:
said that S + said to + Obj + that + S + V + O. told ( changed)
1. Statements. Form:
Direct: He said, “ I’ll lend you my book, Alice.” Indirect: He told Alice that he would lend her his book. 2. Wh-questions:
S + asked + Obj + wh-word + S + V + O. wanted to know ( changed)
Form:
Direct: She said, “ Where are you going now?” Indirect: She asked Tom where he was going then.
3. Yes- No questions:
S + asked + Obj + If/ whether + S + V + O. wanted to know ( changed)
Form:
Direct: She said, “ Do you go to school today, my son?” Reported: She asked her son if he went to school that day.
asked told S + ordered + Obj + to infinitive. forced advised begged
Imperatives:Form:
Direct: She said’ “Open the windows, please.” Reported: She told me to open the windows. Direct: He said, “ Don’t be late for school, Alice.” Reported: He advised Alice not to be late for school. * Note : Khi động từ tường thuật ở các thì hiện tại ( simple present; present perfect; present continuous) hay tương lai thì ta không đổi “thì” của động từ cũng như các từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn. Ex: She says, “ I will go there with you today.” Reported: She says that she will go there with me today.
A.Commands / Requests 1. The teacher said to Tim, “Come into my office, please.” 2. Their mother said to them, “Don’t make so much noise.” 3. The traffic policeman said, “Show me your driving licence, please.” 4. Mrs. Jackson said to Alice, “Could you give me a hand, please/” 5. The lifeguard said, “Don’t swim out too far, boys.” 6. Nam said to the taxi driver, Please turn left at the first traffic light.” 7. She said to her son, “Go straight upstairs and get to bed.” 8. The police said, “Don’t touch anything in the room.” B. Statements 1. Lan said, “I will be very busy tomorrow.” 2. Thu said, “All the students will have a meeting next Sunday.” 3. Tam said, I can swim across this river.” 4. His sister said, “I don’t buy this book.” 5. The boys said, “We have to try our best to win the match.” 6. Her father said to her, “You can go to the movie with your friends.” 7. Her classmate said, “Lan is the most intelligent girl in i=our class.” 8. The teacher said, “The Sun rises in the East.” C. “Yes – No” Questions 1. “Are you Mrs. Lien’s student?”, Lan asked me. 2. “Do you enjoy reading books?”, Phong asked Peter. 3. “Does she like sports?”, Hoa asked Lan. 4. “Will the students in grade 9 have their final exam in May?”, Phong asked his teacher. 5. “Can you drive your bicycle to school?”, Ba said to Tuan. 6. “May I use your dictionary for a moment?, Nga asked Hoa. 7. “Are you fond of watching television?”, Tuan said to Ba. 8. “Will she be here for five days?, Tom asked Thu. D. “Wh-” Questions 1. “Where are you going?”, Lan asked. 2. “Where does your father work?”, the teacher asked me. 3. “How far is it from Ho Chi Minh City to Vung Tau?” A tourist asked. 4. “How many people are there in your family?”, She asked Lan. 5. “How long will you stay in England?, Tam’s friends asked him. 6. “What language do you speak?”, Mrs. Brown asked Thu. 7. “How much does this coat cost?”, Lan asked Lien. 8. “What aspect of learning English do the students find most difficult?”, the teacher said to his students. E. Mixed Reported Speech 1. “Are you going to visit your aunt tomorrow?”, asked Tom. 2. “Listen to me and don’t make a noise in class.”, said the teacher to his students. 3. “I’m tired of eating fish”, said Mary to Hellen. 4. “The Earth always goes round the Sun.”, said our teacher. 5. “Where are you going for your holidays?, asked Martha. 6. “I didn’t steal your fur coat yesterday.”, said Sammy to Jean. 7. “You must do your homework every day.”, said Miss Borne to us. 8. “Will we read the story?”, Billy said to his teacher
Turn the following sentences into indirect speech :
1. The teacher said to Nam “ Come into my office, please” 2. “ We are going shopping this after noon” they said to Mr Quang. 3. “ My sister is a singer” said he. 4. “I will buy a new bike next week” she said. 5. “ I don`t know what Mai is doing now”she said. 6. “Don`t forget to send your parents my regards” Lan said. 7. Mary said “I can go to the movies with you, John” 8. “ It isn`t foggy today as it was yesterday” said the teacher. 9. Linh said “Turn off the light before going out” 10. I said to him “ Stay at home” 11. My mother said to the kids "Stop fighting ". 12. The teacher said “Don`t make noise in the class” 13. “She learns Enghlish well " said his mother. 14. The child said to the beggar “ Are you very poor?” 15. He said to Lan “I will visit Ha Long Bay tomorrow” 16. She said “Do you often do your homework after school ?” 17. He said “I went to the library yesterday” 18. The police asked “ Where did you stay last night ?” 19. The girl said “I am going on holiday tomorrow”. 20. They said “ We are going learning Enghlish now”. 21. “I`m going away for a few days. I`ll phone you when I get back”. 22. He said “My brother is a doctor here” 23. Nga said “I stayed at home yesterday” 24. She saked me “ Give me your ticket, please” 25. They asked him “ Don`t touch the button” 26. She said “I can`t find my umbrella” 27. “Please don`t smoke in the room”she said. 28. “ Run faster”he said to his friends. 29. “ We are growing vegetables” they said. 30. “ You are my best friends” he said too us. 31. “ I`m living in Hue now”Mai says. 32. “ I want to become a doctor one day” said he. 33. “ I’ll come and see you as soon as I can” 34. “ You should practice speaking Enghlish everyday” said my teacher. 35. She said to her son “ Go straight upstairs and get into bed” 36. The lifeguard said “ Don`t swim out too far, boys” 37. He said to Huong “ Could you give me a hand, please ?” 38. The traffic police said “ Show me your driving licience, please” 39. Nien asked Hoa “ Do you have many new friends ?” 40. They said to us “ You must go now” 41. I asked Nam “ Are you free tonight ?” 42. The visitors said “ Can we take photos ?” 43. She said “ Do you know the way to the station ?” 44. “ Will I finish my exercise at home ?” 45. She said “ Can you speak Chinese, Minh ?” 46. “ how old is your grandpanrent ?” the girl said. 47.They said “Who are you going with tomorrow ?” 48. “ Do you want to visit Great Wall in China, Tam ?” 49. “ Are you from Canada?” I said to the tourist. 50. “ Send me a postcard when you arrive in Paris” I said to Lan. 51. “ Why is she crying ?” Thu asked Hoa. 52. “ When do your children go wsimming ?” Mrs Ly said. 53. “ Will it rain tomorrow ?” the old boy said. 54. He says “ I live in a quiet village” 55. They said “ We must repair our house next week” 56. She siad to her friends “ You can use my bike today” 57. Hoa’s parents said “ We’ll visit you this summer” 58. “ How often do you wash your clothes ?” Hoang asked Nam. 59. She said “ he doesn`t buy this books for me” 60. Nam said " You should go to see the doctor tomorrow, Vinh” 61. “ I must do the gardening today” An said to Linh. 62. “What time do you go to school ?” she said. 63. “I wish I were a boy” Mary said. 64. “ Can I use your dictionary ?” Nga asked Thu. 65. “Do you like the film we watched” Tom said to David. 66. “ Will she be here for five days ?” John asked Ba I/ Put the following commands and requests into reported speech: 1. Their mother said to them, " Don't make so much noise." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 2. The teacher said to Tim, " Come into my office, please." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 3. The traffic policeman said, "Show me your driving licence, please." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Mrs. Jackson said to Tim, "Could you give me a hand, please?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 5. The lifeguard said, " Don't swim out too far, boys." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 6. Nam said to the taxi driver, " Please turn left at the first traffic light." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 7. She said to her son," Go straight upstairs and get into bed." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 8. The policeman said," Don't touch anything in the room." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 9. Mary said to John, " Can you carry my suitcase, please." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 10. The doctor said," You should take these medicines every four hours." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 11. The doctor said, "You shouldn't drink alcohol or smoke." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 12. The nurse said to Nam, "You ought not to eat fatty food." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. II/ Put these sentences into directed speech: 1. The teacher asked Susan to go to the blackboard. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 2. He told me not to leave the door open. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 3. My mother asked me to help her with that heavy box. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Mrs. Jackson said Tim should improve his French pronunciation. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 5. They asked their mother not to worry about them. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 6. Nam's mother advised he shouldn't drive too fast. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 7. The policeman told me to move my car. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 8. The doctor said I should stay in bed for a few days. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. III/ Change these sentences into indirect speech: 1. " Don't throw things away," Miss Linda said to the students. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 2. " Shut the door but don't lock it," she said to us. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 3. Tom said, " I'm a student." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Nga said to her brother," I can't answer this question." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 5. Charles said, " I'm living in London now." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 6. He said to us, "You are my best friends." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 7. John said to me, " I don't know what Fred is doing." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 8. She said, " I will answer the phone." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 9. He said to his friends, " I must go home now." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 10. Hoa said, " I can't go out after 8 p.m." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 11. She said to me, " I will come and see you as soon as I can." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 12. Judy said, " John wants to come here but he isn't very well." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 13. Susan said, " My sister is coming to see me next week." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 14. Judy said to me, " I'm going away for a few days. I'll phone you when I get back." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 15. "We are waiting for the school bus," said the children. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 16. She said to me, " Turn off all the lights when you go out." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 17. Mary asked me, " Do you want to visit London?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 18. She said, " Can you speak English?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 19. Thanh said to her teacher, " Will I finish my exercise at home?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 20. Nien asked Hoa, " Do you have many new friends?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 21. My friend said, " Are you going to leave tomorrow?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 22. They said to us, " Must you go now?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 23. I asked Nam, " Are you free tonight?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 24. She asked the tourists, " Do you know the way to the station?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 25. John said, "Is Phong Nha Cave in southern Vietnam, Nhi?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 26. The visitors said, " Can we take photos?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 27. Daniel said to Tim, " Is there a cafe nearby?" -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 28. He said to me, " Don't forget to post the letter." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 29. Nhi said, "I am visiting Hoi An now." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 30. " Can you open your bag, please?" said the customs officers. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 31. John said , " I don't know how to this exercise." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 32. She said, " I must stay at home tomorrow." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 33. Hao asked Tim, " Do you like this place?" - " No, I don't." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 34. The man said to Nam, " The clock will never work again if you try to repair it." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 35. The teacher asked Nga, " Is Mouth Everest the highest mountain in the world?" -" Yes, it is." -> …………………………………………………………………………….. Choose the best answer 1. He asked her …… a. when she leaves the party. b. when did she leave the party. c. when she left the party d. when does she leave the party. 2. He said, “ I bought this book yesterday.” -> He told me that …… a. he bought the book yesterday. b. he had bought the book yesterday c. he had bought the book the day before d. he bought the book the previous day. 3.He said that we would be met at the airport, but in fact, we…… a. wouldn’t b. couldn’t c. didn’t d. weren’t
4. He wanted to know ……there a. how long time I had been b. how long I had been c. how long time had I been d. how long had I been 5. She asked me what time it was. In direct speech this should be read: …… a. She asked, “ What time it is? b. She asked, “ What time it was?” c. She asked, “ What time is it?” d. She asked, “ What time was it?” 6. “ Whose motorbike did you borrow last night?”, he asked. In reported speech this should be read: …… a. He asked me whose motorbike did I borrow last night. b. He asked me whose motorbike had I borrowed last night. c. He asked me whose motorbike I had borrowed last night. d. He asked me whose motorbike I had borrowed the night before. 7. “ Would you like a cup of coffee?”, she asked. a. She asked if I like a cup of coffee. b. She asked if I would like a cup of coffee. c. She asked if I liked a cup of coffee. d. She invited me to have a cup of coffee. 8. “ Did you close the windows when you left?”, ha asked. a. He asked me if I closed the windows when I left. b. He asked me if I had closed the windows when I left. c. He asked me if I closed the windows when I had left. d. He asked me if I had closed the windows when I had left. 9.“ What are you going to do this weekend?”, she asked a. She wanted to know what I am going to do that weekend. b. She wanted to know what I was going to do this weekend. c. She wanted to know what I were going to do that weekend. d. She wanted to know what I was going to do that weekend. 10.She told me that her mother …… to market when I arrived. a. just went b. had just gone c. has just gone d. had just been gone 11. “ Whose book is on my desk?”. The teacher asked us …… . a. whose book is on his desk b. whose book was on his desk c. whose book on his desk is d. whose book on his desk was 12. She asked me to sit next Mary. In direct speech, this should be read: “……”, she said. a. Please sitting next to Mary. b. Next to Mary, please. c. Please to sit next to Mary. d. Please sit next to Mary. 13. “Who wrote this letter?”, said the teacher. – The teacher …… a. asked us who had written that letter. b. asked us who that letter had written. c. asked us who had written the letter. d. told to us who had written letter. 14. I asked Lan if …… . a. she enjoys her music class. b. she will enjoy her music class. c. did she enjoy her music class. d. she enjoyed her music class. 15.“ We always try to please you”. She says to me …… . a. we always tried to please me b. they always tried to please me. c. we always try to please me d. they always try to please me. 16. “ Be careful! The paint is wet”, she shouted. a. She said be careful because the paint was wet. b. She told me be careful because the paint was wet. c. She asked me to be careful because the paint is wet. d. She told me to be careful because the paint was wet. 17.. “Can I make an appointment to see the doctor?” a. Jenny asked to see the doctor. b. Jenny asked if the doctor could make an appointment. c. Jenny asked whether she can make an appointment the doctor. d. Jenny asked if she could make an appointment to see the doctor. 18.. “Did they tell you when they left school?”, he said to me. In reported speech, this could be read: …… a. He asked me if they told me when they left school. b. He asked me if they told me when they had left school. c. He asked me if they had told me when they left school. d. He asked me if they had told me when they had left school. 19.. She asked me how old Jimmy was. In direct speech, this could be read: ……
She asked, “How old Jimmy was?”
She asked, “How old Jimmy is?”
She asked, “How old was Jimmy?”
She asked, “How old is Jimmy?”
20. “When did your sister arrive?”, he asked. a. He asked me when my sister arrived. b. He wanted to know when my sister arrived. c. He asked me when my sister had arrived. d. He wanted to know when had my sister arrived. 21.“ Is he the man who came here yesterday?”. I wanted to know …… a. if he is the man who came here yesterday b. if he was the man who came here the day before c. if he was the man who had come here the day before d. if he was the man who had come there the day before 22.He said to me, “Shut this door, don’t lock it.”- He told me that…… a. to shut the door, don’t lock it. b. shut the door, not lock it. c. shut the door, don’t lock it. d. to shut the door, not to lock it. 23. He told me that …… a. he has just finished typing. b. he just finished typing. c. he had just finished typing d. had he just finished typing. 24.He asked me ……to her birthday party the night before. a. whether I come b. if I would come c. whether I had come d. if I come 25. The man asked me what my name was. He said, “……?” a. What your name is b. What’s your name c. What your name was d. What was your name 26.I asked her where..........................................it .
A.does she put
B. she put
C. did she put
D. she puts
27.Nam asked her how far............................from her house to her school
A. is it
B. was it
C. it was
D. it is
28.She asked me......................I smoked .
A. could
B. can
C.if
D. would
29.She asked me whether I ..............................pop music .
A. liked
B.like
C.could like
D. would like
30.She said that she was having a wonderful time ..........................................
A. tomorrow
B. there
This
D. next week
31.Mrs. Hoa said she..............have a new job the following month.
A. may
B.will
C.might
D. can
32.I asked her what sort of heating..........................................
A.was there
B. there is
C. there was
D. there are
33.He said that.............................roses were for me .
Ex: Your brother likes watching foreign films, doesn’t he? Mary has ever been late for class, has she? 2- Some exceptions: a. Với câu Let’s chúng ta dung shall we Let’s go to the cinema, shall we? b. Với câu mệnh lệnh chúng ta có thể dùng will you/would you/ can/can’t/could you Open the windows, will you? c. dùng they với các S là somebody/one,everybody/one,nobody/. Some body came here yesterday, didn’t they? d. Dùng it với các S là nothing,everything,.. Everything will be all right, won’t it? e. Dùng aren’t I với I am I am always on time for class, aren’t I? f. Dùng there với S là there There won’t be any problem,will there? Put a question tag at the end of each statement
It’s good restaurant,________?
Your father isn’t at work today,_______?
I’m too silly,________?
You haven’t seen that film,________?
Lan can speak French and English,_______?
You’d something to drink,________?
We’re leaving tomorrow,_________?
Let’s have a talk,_______?
Pass me the butter,_________?
Don’t forget to lock the door when you go out,_______?
Nobody was watching the TV,________?
They had to go,________?
there were a lot of people at the seminar,_________?
He’d never seen you before,_________?
This isn’t very good,________?
You get up early,_________?
They don’t play soccer,________?
She did not visit her friends,__________?
Your father hasn’t seen he for a long time,________?
They won’t walk to school,_________?
They want to came, __________________?
Jane is a teacher, __________________?
He isn’t here, __________________?
This is your umbrella, __________________?
Cindy can’t come with us, __________________?
You have never been to Hanoi, __________________?
He has a bicycle, __________________?
You write a letter to your father, __________________?
Kathy will be in class tomorrow, __________________?
You weren’t at home last night, __________________?
Jane went to London High School, __________________?
She has the keys to the dinning – room, __________________?
You are a member of this class, __________________?
They are studying hard, __________________?
It wasn’t raining, __________________?
I don’t have to come to the meeting, __________________?
Cindy had to leave early, __________________?
Tomorrow isn’t a holiday, __________________?
You should call your mom today, __________________?
These are your keys, __________________?
She goes shopping every day,.....................................?
He has been studying English a long time,..........................................?
He is a good student,...................................?
She play the piano well,...............................?
They played soccer yesterday,.......................?
She can speak English fluently,................................?
The traffic is heavy today,.............................?
You always buy your clothes in the Department Store ,............................?
Mr.Green used to take the children to the circus,...............................?
You 'll be back before noon,.................................?
They are travelling in Europe now,...................................?
The bus stops at this corner,..............................?
It takes more than an hour to get there , ....................................?
She 's here last week,.................................?
We should leave early,................................?
Your sister has already done the ẻxercise.,...................................?
We must obey the law,.............................?
You dare to meet her,...............................?
◙ EXERCISE:
George left class early to day, .................................?
He is an excellent student, .......................................?
She has never gotten in touch with you,................................?
Today is Wednesday,....................................?
You live in My Xuyen,..............................?
You were absent yesterday,................................?
They don't know each other,...............................?
We won't have to stand in line,.................................?
You mailed that letter,................................?
You didn't forget to put a stamp on it, ....................................?
11.There'll be a rail strike tomorrow , ...........................?
There used to be a small house here,................................?
There's plenty of polluted water here,...........................?
There are a lot of magazines on the table,............................?
There isn't any butter in the fridge,............................?
There aren't any tomatoes in the basket,...............................?
There won't be anyone winning the prize , ..................................?
There didn't use to be a shrine of a young vietnamese hero here, .................... ?
There has been a banner on the wall,.................................?
There have been banners on the wall,...................................?
◙ EXERCISE:
You aren't afraid of snakes , ................................?
Ann isn't at home, ............................?
You don't know French , ..............................?
Tom didn't see her, ..............................?
This isn't yours, ...............................?
Mary wasn't angry , ..............................?
Bill hasn't had breakfast , ........................................
You won't tell anyone, ..............................?
I didn't wake you up,..............................?
Tom doesn't like oysters , ................................?
You don't want to sell the house, ...............................?
It doesn't hurt, ............................?
People shouldn't drink and drive , ............................?
you aren't going alone, ..........................?
They couldn't pay the rent, ...............................?
You don't agree with Bill ,..........................?
There wasn't a lot to do, .................................?
I needn't say anything , ...........................?
That wasn't Ann in the phone, ...................................?
You didn't do it on purpose, ...........................?
This won't take long ,...........................?
He shouldn't put so much salt in it , .................................?
Mary couldn't leave the children alone , .................................?
You wouldn't like another drink., ..............................?
There weren't any mosquitoes, ...............................?
It doesn't matter very much, .............................?
Tom doesn't have to go to lectures, ...................................?
I needn't wait any longer,................................?
You won't mind helping me with this,............................?
The children weren't surprised, ..................................?
◙ EXERCISE:
The children can read English,..........................?
He's ten years old , ...........................?
Ba came on a bicycle , ............................?
The Smiths have got a car , ..................................?
Your grandfather was a millionaire , .................................?
Tom should try again , ...............................?
It could be done , ........................?
Your brother 's here, ................................?
That's Tim over there , ....................................?
This will fit in your pocket,..............................?
His wife has headaches quite often , ..............................?
She 's got lovely blue eyes ,...............................?
Prices keep going up ,..............................?
I've seen you before ,.............................?
Bill's written a novell ,...............................?
His mother 's very proud of him ,............................?
The twins used to play rubby , ...........................?
Tom might be at home now ,..........................?
We must hurry ,.............................?
You'd been there before , ...............................?
I'd like a drink,...............................?
Mary ought to cooked it for them , .................................?
That was Ann on the phone ,.............................?
The Smiths need two cars , ..............................?
He used to eat raw fish ,..........................?
You'll help me ,.................................?
There'll be plenty for Bill,...............................?
You 'd better wait for Bill ,............................?
You'd come if I needed help,................................?
You'd come at short notice ,............................?
Choose the best answer: 1.Everyone will agree to our suggestion, ……? a. will they b. will he c. won’t they d. won’t he 2. No one phoned while I was out, ……? a. did they b. didn’t they c. did he d. didn’t he 3.mother has to work to support the family, ……? a. hasn’t she b. has she c. does she d. doesn’t she 4. That is the true story, ……? a. isn’t that b. is that c. isn’t it d. is it 5. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteerim passing the exam c. him passed the examxamime-rams just by selecting the right dmit, keep, suggest, risk.___________, ……? a. won’t they b. will they c. won’t he d. do I 6.Mary scarcely goes out at night,……? a. doesn’t she b. does she c. did she d. doesn’t Mary 7. There won’t be any trouble for you, ……? a. will there b. will it c. will they d. won’t they 8.Tom and Bill have hardly done their homework, ……? a. haven’t they b. did they c. do they d. have they 9. Let’s go swimming this afternoon, ……? a. shall we b. will we c. let we d. let not we 10.Neither of the students got good marks, ……? a. do they b. did they c. don’t they d. didn’t they 11.I know you won’t mind sitting by Peter,_____? a. do I b. don’t I c. will you d. won’t you 12.Nobody came when I was out,_______? a. didn’t they b. did they c. did he d. didn’t he 13.Let’s go to the movie theater,_________? a. Shall we b. don’t we c. don’t they d. do they 14.You don’t meet a single on TV,_________? a. you don’t b. do you c. you do d. don’t you 15.A daily newspaper was published in Germany in 1950,______? a. isn’t it b. is it c. was it d. wasn’t it 16.Nobody is ready to go,_________? a. are they b. isn’t he c. is he d. aren’t they 17.We_____to havr cable TV soon,aren’t we? a. are going b. were going c. go d. aren’t going 18.I am a teacher,________? a. are I b. am I c. am not I d. aren’t I 19.There is a park near your house,_______? a. are there b. is there c. aren’t there d. isn’t there 20.Stop talking ,_____? a. will you b. don’t you c. did you d. are you
CHAPTER 8: GERUND AND INFINITIVES A Gerund (V_ing) after some verbs: 1/ mind, enjoy, finish, like, dislike, love, hate, avoid, practice, feel, imagine, deny, admit, keep, suggest, risk,forgive , stop, miss , start give up, delay,fancy, excuse,consider,….
Verb preposition:
Approve of
Appologize for
Believe in
Count on
Care for
Complain of
Cofess to
Consist of
Depend on
Dream of
End in
Give up
Get to
Forget about
Go back to
Hesitate about
Insist on
Keep on
Lead to
Long for
Mean by
Persist in
Plan on
Put off
Rely on
Return to
Result in
Safe from
Succeed in
Think about
Think of
Take to
Threaten with
Worry about
Object to
Look forward to….
Ex: Tom enjoys watching TV, he dislikes playing football.
Adjectives preposition:
Absorbed in
Accustomed to
Afraid of
Amused at
Angry with
Annoy at
Ashamed of
Aware of
(in)capable of
Careful about
Careful in
Careless of
Certain about
Clever at
(un)concious of
Content with
Delighted at
Different from
Ambarrassed at
Excited about
Far from
Fond of
Fortunate in
Frightened of
Furious at
Given to
Good at
Grateful for
Happy in (at)
Intent on
Interested in
Keen on
Nice about
Proud of
Pleased at
Responsible for
Right in
Scared at (of)
Set on
Sick of
Skilled in (at)
Slow in
Sorry for
Successful in (at)
Sure of
Surprised at
Thankful for
Tired of (from)
Upset at
Worried about
Wrong in…
Fed up with
Busy with
Famous for
Responsible for
Full of
Different from
Kind to
Similar to
Nervous about
4/ Expressions + V_ing: 1. to be no good / no use + v.ing : vụ ớch 2 . to be worth / worthwhile + v.ing :đáng, xứng đáng. 3 . to be busy + v.ing : bận 4 . There is no point in + v.ing 5. spend / waste + (time) + v.ing 6. can’t stand = can’t help: khụng thể khụng
III.SPECIAL CASES:
Either infinitives or gerunds:
stop:
stop + to infinitives (= stop this work to start the other work)
e.g. He stops to smoke. (He stops his work and starts smoking)
stop + gerunds (= to give up a habit )
e.g. He stops smoking (He no longer smokes)
try:
try + to infinitives (= manage successfully to do)
e.g. He tried to lift the case. (He managed to lift the case and succeeded)
try + gerunds (= to experience)
e.g. He tried lifting the case. (He wanted to know whether he could lift it)
remember:
remember + to infinitives (= to make oneself aware of a task)
e.g. He remembered to lock the door. (He had to lock the door)
remember + gerunds (= to assure oneself a fulfilled task)
e.g. He remembered locking the door. (Hewas sure that he had locked the door)
forget:
forget + to infinitives (= to miss a task)
e.g. Sam forgot to buy food. (Sam didn’t buy food)
forget + gerunds (= the fulfilled task is forgotten)
e.g. Sam forgot buying food. (He bought food but he didn’t remember)
regret:
regret + to infinitives (not want to do this task)
e.g. Kim regretted to say the truth. (He didn’t want to say the truth but he had to)
regret + gerunds ( the task is done unexpectedly)
e.g. Kim regretted saying the truth.(He said and he regretted what he’d done)
Need :
need + V-ing (cú cỏi gỡ cần được làm-mang ý nghĩa bị động)
this house need repearing
need + to infinitives(cần làm-mang ý nghĩa chủ động)
I need to buy this house Put the verbs in the brackets in to the correct form 1. When she was a child,Mai detested(go) to school 2. I call Nhi but she pretended not to hear and went on(do) her work 3. My mother love(cook) 4. Dang,stop(talk)! The class is noisy just because of you 5. I am do the exercises carefully to avoid(make) mistakes 6. I prefer(play) chess to going to the theater 7. Do you mind(move) your chair a bit side? 8. Have you finished(work) on yout project? 9. Do you enjoy(listen) to Pop music? 10.Quang has always hated(do) his homework 11. My brother spent hours..........(repair) his motorbiker. 12. Don't forget to bring my dictionary when you ..........(come) back tomorrow. 13. You..........(feel) cold if the sun ..........(not shine) . 14. I'm tired after that long walk. I'm not used to..........(walk) so far. 15. Bill never carries money with him. He's afraid of ..........(rob) 16. I stopped..........( buy) a newspaper on the way home. 17. She dislikes..........(ask) to do something by others. 18. If Lan or Mai ..........(come) , tell them ..........(wait) for me. 19. When Mrs Brown(look) out, she(see ) the children (play) near the pool. 20. A: Who suggested..........(go) on a camping holiday in October? B: I did. But I(not know) it was going to rain. I don't enjoy (put) up a tent in the rain.
Choose the best answer 1.I will see you again. We are all looking forward …… again. a. to see you b. for seeing you c. to seeing you d. seeing you 2. Instead of ……about the good news, Tom seemed to be indifferent. a exciting b. to excise c. being excited d. to be excited 3.Those new students hope ……in the school’s sports activities. a. to be included b. including c. being included d. to include 4. Would you mind not ……on the radio until I’ve finished typing the document? a. to turn b. turning c. being turned d. to be turned 5. I don’t mind ……by bus but I hate ……in queues. a. to travel/ to worry b. traveling/ standing c. to travel/ standing d. traveling/ to stand 6. Try ……it. It isn’t worth……about. a. to forget/ to worry b. forgetting/ worrying c. to forget/ worrying d. forgetting / to worrying 7.Bill is always trying ……me. a. to avoid to meet b. avoiding meeting c. to avoid meeting d. avoiding to meet 8. The man was arrested though he denied……the car. a. to steal b. steal c. stealing d. stolen 9.Although younger than the other children, Tommy demanded ……in the game. a. to include b. to be included c. including d. being included 10. The driver wanted to buy some cigarettes. So he stopped …… a. buying some cigarettes b. to have bought some cigarettes c. to buy some cigarettes d. having bought some cigarettes 11. He used to collect stamps. He gave up ……stamps long ago. a. to collect b. collected c. collecting d. to have collected 12. It’s no use ……children……quiet. They are always noisy. a. to ask/ to keep b. asking/ keeping c. to ask/ keeping d. asking/ to keep 13. I remember ……him somewhere but I can’t tell where it was. a. to see b. seeing c. to be seeing d. to be seen 14. Go on, ask as many questions as you can. I don’t mind ……all. a. to answer them b. answering them c. to be answered them d. being answered them 15.Mrs. Anderson is responsible ……hiring and firing employees. a. with b. by c. to d. for 16.Polly didn’t do her homework. She forgot ……the homework. a. to do b. doing c. to have done d. having done 17. I’m sorry. I didn’t mean ……rude to you. a. to be b. being c. to have been d. having been. 18. He kept on_______ a. worked b. work c. working d. works 19. She went to market without_______ anything. a. buy b. to buy c. bought d. buying 20. This article is worth_______ into your notebook. a. copying b. copy c. to copy d. to be copied
21. The boy denied_______ the glass window. a. to break b. breaking c. broke d. to break 22. These workers are accustomed to _______ at night. a. work b. working c. works d. be working 23. The criminal admitted_______ this innocent child. a. killed b. to kill c. killing d. had killed 24. Mrs. Ramsay was accustomed_______ in this rickety house. a. by living b. to living c. with living d. living 25. She has avoided_______ to me so far. a. being talked b. talk c. talking d. to talk 26. We should avoid_______ personal questions. a. asking b. ask c. to ask d. at asking 27. It is no use_______ over spilt milk. a. for crying b. in crying c. to cry d. crying 28. I intended to revenge him but my father prevented me_______ so. a. from doing b. not to do c. not do d. not doing 29. You should remember_______ for me. a. post b. posting c. to be posting d. to have posted 30. We object to_______ her like this. a. treat b. being treated c. treating d. be treated 31. I can’t help_______ anxious about the economic situation of our country. a. be b. feeling c. feel d. to feel 32. The nurse denied_______ the injection. a. give b. giving c. gave d. to give
I/ Complete the passage with an "-ing" or "to-infinitive"form of the verbs in the blanks. Last night, I decided………(go) to Sally's birthday party. I was really nervous. I usually avoid………(go) to parties because I have trouble ………(remember) people's name. Well, last night things were diffirent. Before the party, I read a book about ………(improve) your memory. I practiced………(do) some of the memory exercises. They really helped. As a result, I stopped ………(worry) about what people would think of me, and I tried ………(pay) attention to what people were saying. And guess what? I had a good time! Now I do enjoy………(go) to parties.
INFINITIVES:
I/ Verb + to – infinitive:
Agree
Arrange
Ask
Attempt
Begin
Care
Cease
Choose
Claim
Come
Continue
Decide
Deserve
Demand
Determine
Desire
Expect
Fail
Fear
Forget
Hate
Help
Hesitate
Hope
Intend
Learn
Like
Long
Love
Manage
Mean
Need
Neglect
Offer
Omit
Plan
Prefer
Pretend
Prepare
Promise
Propose
Refuse
Start
Swear
Seem
Strive
Tend
Threaten
Try Want Wish…
I/ Verb + O + to – infinitive:
Advise
Allow
Ask
Assume
Beg
Believe
Cause
Challenge
Command
Compel
Consider
Enable
Encourage
Expect
Find
Forbid
Force
Get
Guess
Hate
Imagine
Instruct
Intend
Invite
Know
Lead
Like
Love
Mean
Observe
Order
Permit
Persuade
Prefer
Suspect
Teach
Tell
Tempt
Think
Trust
Understand
Urge
Warn
Want
Wish….
1 He made me (do) it all over again. 2 She can (sing) quite well. 3 He will be able (swim) very soon. 4 I used to (live) in a caravan. 5 You ought (go) today. It may (rain) tomorrow. 6 You needn't (say) anything. Just nod your head and he will (understand). 7 I want (see) the house where our president was born. 8 He made her (repeat) the message. 9 May I (use) your phone? 10 You needn't (ask) for permission; you can (use) it whenever you like. 11 If you want (get) there before dark you should (start) at once. 12 I couldn't (remember) his address. 13 You'll be able (do) it yourself when you are older. 14 Would you like (go) now or shall we (wait) till the end? 15 They won't let us (leave) the Customs shed till our luggage has been examined. 16. It is easy (be) wise after the event. 17. Do you (wish) (make) a complaint? 18.We don't (want) anybody (know) that we are here. 19.If you can't (remember) his number you'd better (look) it up. 20. I want her (learn) Esperanto; I think everybody ought to (know) it? 21. He is said (be) the best surgeon in the country. 22. Visitors are asked (not feed) the animals. 23.Could I (see) Mr Pitt, please? 24. I'm afraid Mr Pitt isn't in. Would you like (speak) to his secretary' 25. It's better (travel) hopefully than (arrive),(proverb)
1.I hope_______ a. to see you there b. seeing you there c. you to see there d. see you there 2. I taught_______a. how mending a shirt b. him how to mend a shir c. how mend a shirt d. him how mend a shirt 3. I told_______ a. Nam to come b. to come Nam c. to Nam come d. Nam come 4. My father has decided_______ a new house. a. find b. to find c. finding d. him find 5. Mother warned_______ the electric plug a. here not to touch b. her touching not c. her not touch d. not touch 6. Don't tell Tan because I don't want_______ a. him to know b. know c. him know d. knowing 7. She explained_______ a. how to make it b. me how to make it c. me to make it d. me make it 8. Miss Brown told Mary_______ down. a. sit b. to sit c. sitting d. sat 9. She told Mary_______ up hope. a. not give b. do not give c. not to give d. to give not 10. Michael Faraday wrote a litter to Sir Humphry Davy_______ for work. a. asked b. to ask c. so to ask d. in order to asking 11. Do you know_______ to play that game now? a. way b. what c. if d. how 12. She is very glad_______ see you again. a. in b. with c. to d. for 13. He noticed two thieves_______ out of a shop. a. to come b. are coming c. in coming d. come 14. When will he be allowed to go home? When will they_______? a. let him go b. let to go c. leave him to go d. leave him 15. The guide encouraged the tourists_______ the Prado Museum Madrid a. visit b. to visit c. visiting d. to visiting 16. Mow that were finished painting the house, there's nothing left_______ a. done b. did c. to do d. for doing 17. The superintendent promised to tear down and_______ the fire damaged school building. a. rebuild b. to rebuild c. rebuilding d. to rebuilding 18. The mechanic needs_______ a new muffler on your car. a. to put b. putting c. to be put d. to putting 19. Our house needs_______ a. to paint b. to be painting c. to be paint d. painting 20. Do you want _______ by the doctor? a. to examine b. to be examined c. being examined d. being to examine CHAPTER 9: RELATIVE CLAUSES
1. WHO : dựng thế cho chủ từ - ngừoi 2. WHOM : dựng thế cho tỳc từ - ngừoi 3. WHICH : dựng thế cho chủ từ lẫn tỳc từ - vật 4. WHEN : dựng thế cho thời gian 5. WHERE : dùng thế cho nơi chốn 6. THAT : dựng thế cho tất cả cỏc chữ trờn ( cú 2 ngoại lệ xem phần dưới ) 7. WHOSE : dựng thế cho sở hữu ,người / vật 8. OF WHICH : dựng thế cho sở hữu vật 9. WHY : dựng thế cho lý do ( reason /cause)
CÁCH GIẢI BÀI TẬP DÙNG ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ WHO ,WHICH...
DẠNG 1 : NỐI 2 CÂU Dạng này đề bài người ta cho 2 cõu riêng biệt và yêu cầu mỡnh dựng đại từ quan hệ nối chúng lại với nhau. Các bước làm dạng này như sau: Bước 1 : Chọn 2 từ giống nhau ở 2 câu : Câu đầu phải chọn danh từ, câu sau thường là đại từ ( he ,she ,it ,they ...) ví dụ : The man is my father. You met him yesterday. BƯỚC 2 : Thế who,which... vào chữ đó chọn ở cõu sau, rồi đem (who ,which ..) ra đầu câu The man is my father. You met him yesterday. Ta thấy him là người, làm túc từ nên thế whom vào -> The man is my father.You met whom yesterday. Đem whom ra đầu câu -> The man is my father. whom You met yesterday. Bước 3 : Đem nguyên câu sau đặt ngay phía sau danh từ đó chọn ở cõu trước The man is my father. whom You met yesterday -> The man whom You met yesterday is my father
DẠNG 2 : ĐIỀN VÀO CHỔ TRỐNG Dạng này đề bài người ta cho sẳn một câu đó được nối với nhau nhưng chừa chỗ trống để thí sinh điền đại từ quan hệ vào. Các bước làm dạng này như sau:
+ Nhỡn danh từ phớa trứơc (kế bên chỗ trống) xem người hay vật ( hoặc cả hai ): - Nếu vật thỡ ta điền WHICH / THAT The dog __________ runs .....( thấy phiá trứoc là dog nên dùng WHICH / THAT)
Nếu là : REASON, CAUSE thỡ dựng WHY The reason ________ he came ... ( dựng WHY )
-Nếu là thơỡ gian thỡ dựng WHEN -Nếu là nơi chốn thỡ dựng WHERE Lưu ý : - WHEN , WHERE , WHY không làm chủ từ, do đó nếu ta thấy phía sau chưa có chủ từ thỡ ta phải dựng WHICH / THAT chứ khụng được dùng WHEN , WHERE , WHY. Do you know the city _______ is near here ? Ta nhận thấy city là nơi chốn, nhưng chớ vội vàng mà điền WHERE vào nhé ( cái này bị dính bẩy nhiều lắm đấy ! ). Hóy nhỡn tiếp phớa sau và ta thấy kế bờn nú là IS ( động từ ) tức là chữ IS đó chưa có chủ từ, và chữ mà ta điền vào sẽ làm chủ từ cho nó -> không thể điền WHERE mà phải dùng WHICH /THAT ( nếu không bị cấm kỵ ) -> Do you know the city __WHICH / THAT_____ is near here ? - Nếu ta thấy ro ràng là thời gian, nơi chốn nhưng xem kỹ phia sau động từ người ta có chừa lại giới từ hay không, nếu có thỡ khụng đựoc dùng WHEN , WHERE, WHY mà phải dùng WHICH / THAT The house ________ I live in is nice . Ta thấy house là nơi chốn, nhưng chớ vội điền WHERE nhé, nhỡn sau thấy ngừoi ta cũn chừa lại giới từ IN nờn phải dựng WHICH /THAT -> The house ___which/that_____ I live in is nice Nhưng đôi khi người ta lại đem giới từ lên để trứoc thỡ cũng khụng đựoc dùng WHERE nữa nhé : The house in ___which_____ I live is nice
- Nếu là NGƯỜI thỡ ta tiếp tục nhỡn phớa sau xem cú chủ từ chưa ? nếu có chủ từ rồi thỡ ta dựng WHOM / THAT, nếu chưa có chủ từ thỡ ta điền WHO / THAT. - Lưu ý : nếu thấy phớa sau kế bờn chổ trống là một danh từ trơ trọi thỡ phải xem xột nghĩa xem cú phải là sở hửu khụng, nếu phải thỡ dựng WHOSE . The man ________son studies at ..... Ta thấy chữ SON đứng một mỡnh khụNG cú a ,the ,.. gỡ cả nờn nghi là sở hửu, dịch thử thấy đúng là sở hửu dùng WHOSE (người đàn ông mà con trai của ông ta . .. ) => The man ____( whose )____son studies at .....
- Nếu phía trứoc vừa có người + vật thỡ phải dựng THAT The man and his dog THAT ....
cỏch dựng WHOSE và OF WHICH
WHOSE : dùng cả cho người và vật This is the book .Its cover is nice -> This is the book whose cover is nice . -> This is the book the cover of which is nice
WHOSE :đứng trứoc danh từ OF WHICH : đứng sau danh từ ( danh từ đó phải thêm THE ) OF WHICH : chỉ dùng cho vật ,không dùng cho người. This is the man . His son is my friend. -> This is the man the son of which is my friend.( sai ) -> This is the man whose son is my friend.( đúng )
NHỮNG LƯU í KHI DÙNG ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ ( WHO ,WHICH ,WHOM.... )
1.Khi nào dựng dấu phẩy ? Khi danh từ đứng trước who ,which,whom... là : + Danh từ rieng ,ten Ha Noi, which .... Mary, who is ... + Có this ,that ,these ,those đứng trước danh từ : This book, which .... + Có sở hửu đứng trước danh từ : My mother, who is .... + Là vật duy nhất ai cũng biết : Sun ( mặt trời ), moon ( mặt trăng ) The Sun, which ... 2. Đặt dấu phẩy ở đâu ? - Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ ở giữa thỡ dựng 2 dấu phẩy đặt ở đầu và cuối mệnh đề My mother , who is a cook , cooks very well - Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ ở cuối thỡ dựng một dấu phẩy đặt ở đầu mệnh đề ,cuối mệnh đề dùng dấu chấm . This is my mother, who is a cook .
3.Khi nào có thể lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ WHO ,WHICH ,WHOM... - Khi nó làm túc từ và phía trước nó không có dấu phẩy ,không có giới từ ( whose không được bỏ ) This is the book which I buy. Ta thấy which là túc từ ( chủ từ là I ,động từ là buy ) ,phía trước không có phẩy hay giới từ gỡ cả nờn cú thể bỏ which đi :
-> This is the book I buy. This is my book , which I bought 2 years ago. Trước chữ which có dấu phẩy nên không thể bỏ được . This is the house in which I live . Trước which có giới từ in nên cũng không bỏ which đựơc .
This is the man who lives near my house. Who là chủ từ ( của động từ lives ) nên không thể bỏ nó được .
4. Khi nào KHÔNG ĐƯỢC dựng THAT : - Khi phía trước nú cú dấu phẩy hoặc giới từ : This is my book , that I bought 2 years ago. (sai) vỡ phớa trước có dấu phẩy -.> không được dựng THAT mà phải dựng which This is the house in that I live .(sai) vỡ phớa trước có giới từ in -> không được dùng THAT mà phải dùng which
5. Khi nào bắt buộc dựng THAT - Khi danh từ mà nú thay thế gồm 2 danh từ trở lờn trong đó vừa có ngừơi vừa có vật The men and the horses that .... That thay thế cho : người và ngựa
6.Khi nào nờn dựng THAT
- Khi đầu câu là IT trong dạng nhấn mạnh (Cleft sentences)
It is My father that made the table.
- Khi đứng trước đó là : all, both, each, many, most, neither, none, part, someone, something, so sánh nhất
There is something that must be done This the most beautiful girl that I've ever met. Exercise 1: Combine these sentences with who , whom , which. 1. I thanked the woman. She helped me. 2. She is the most intelligent woman. I’ve ever met this woman. 3. The doctor is famous. You visited him yesterday. 4. Do you know the music? It is being played on the radio. 5. These children are orphans. She is taking care of these children. 6. She couldn’t come to the party. This is a pity. 7. The man answered the phone. He said Tom was out. 8. Who is the woman? We met her here last year. 9. Try to read the book . I gave it to you yesterday. 10. A typhoon is a violet tropical storm. It can cause great destruction. 11. Her mother listened to the news on T.V. She was interested in weather forecasts. 12. Hoa took some change. She wanted to buy some drink. 13. The boys are interested in football. It is a popular game all over the world. 14. My classmates had so much fun at the carnival. They wanted to see it again. 15. We visited the monument. It was built a hundred years ago. 16. Minh went back home. He forgot to turn off the faucet. 17. Mai wants to drink some medicine. She has a headache. 18. Children like to eat cake. It can cause toothache if they have too much everyday. 19. Her mom made a delicious for the family. She was a cook in a restaurant. 20. The boy gave his parents big hugs before he left. He went abroad to study. Exercise 2: Combine each pair of sentences , Using “ whose”
I like the house . Its walls were made of glass.
I read about the child. His life was saved by a pet dog.
The people were nice. We visited their house yesterday.
A boy is a friend of mine. You are using his bike.
Do you know the woman? Her daughter has won the contest.
We will tell you about the boy. You met his parents last night.
The girl feels happy. Her husband has just won a big prize.
The author is an English. You are reading his book.
The pupils study hard. Their parents are proud of them.
My sister is trying to get a job. Her children are at school all day.
The girl is beautiful. Her dress is red.
The man is a doctor. My parents bought the man’s house.
The woman is a nurse. We saw the woman’s daughter last week.
Lan is my friend. Her mother died last year.
The girl is my sister. You took the girl’s picture.
Exercise 3: Fill in the blank with relative pronouns 1. The person ….........you want to see has just gone away. 2. The girl ......… was here yesterday has gone to Paris. 3. The flowers .........… you bought yesterday are still fresh. 4. The cat …...... tail is long doesn’t belong to me. 5. She is the most honest friend …...... I‘ve ever had. 6. The girl …....... mother I was talking to has left the room. 7. All the people …...... I met yesterday, dislike him. 8. What is that music .......… you are listening to? 9. He sees men, women, cats, dogs, and cars........… move round and round. 10. The doctor .........… she visited is very famous. 11. That’s the village …....... I used to live. 12. That’s the day …...... you came to visit me. 13. That’s the place…........ the car turned over. 14. Are those the reason …......... you went abroad? 15. Tell me the reasons ..........… he told you yesterday Exercise 4: Choose the best answer 1. They are going to ……………… the anniversary of their 50th wedding. A. celebrating B. celebrate C. to celebrate D. celebrated 2. The people ……………. live in Greek speak Greek. A. who B. where C. which D. whom 3. The car…………..he has just bought is very expensive. A. who B. where C. which D. whom 4. Tet is a …………..festival of the Vietnamese people. A. joy B. joyful C. joyfully D. joyfulness 5. The girl……………..put up the Christmas decoration is my sister. A. who B. where C. which D. whom 6. What’s the name of the man________? A. you borrowed his car B. which car you borrowed C. whose car you borrowed D. his car you borrowed 7. Some of the people ______ invited to the party can’t come. A. that B. whom C. who D. which 8. Do you know the woman ______ lives next door? A. she B. who C. whom D. her 9. The man _____ answered the telephone told me you were away. A. whom B. he C. who D. what 10. Some people ______ were arrested, have now been released. A. that B. which C. whom D. X 11. They give their children everything _____ they want. A. what B. x C. who D. how 12. The women ______ he fell in love left him after a few weeks. A. with whom B. who C. to whom D. for whom 13. Do you still remember the day ______ we first met? A. where B. whom C. which D. when 14. I don’t know the name of the woman _______ I spoke on the phone. A. whom B. who C. to whom D. to that 15. This school is often for children _____ first language is not English. A. who B. that C. whose D. X 16. The picture ______ Laura painted is being shown in an exhibition. A. that B. which C. why D. A and B 17. The plane ______ has just taken off is an hour late. A. it B. what C. which D. who 18. Melanie was looking after a dog ______ leg had been broken in an accident. A. who B. whose C. that D. what 19. I have just bought a television set ______ made in Japan. A. which made B. in which made C. who is madeD. made 20. They took her to the hospital, ______is only a mile away. A. which B. where C. in which D. that
Exercise 5: Combine each pair of sentences in to one using relative pronounces. 1. It’s a book . It will interest children of all age. à…………………………………………………….. 2. The people keep having all night parties. They live next door. à …………………………………………………………… 3. These are the keys. They open the front doors and the back door. à ………………………………………………………….. 4. Here an article. It might interest you. à ……………………………………………………………….. 5. Where are the eggs? They are in the fridge. à ………………………………………………………………………. 6. Have you got something? It will get ink out of the carpet. à ………………………………………………………………. 7. Where is the girl? She sells the ticket. à …………………………………………………………….. 8. Half of the people didn’t appear. They were invited. à ………………………………………………………………….. 9. The festival is called Easter. It is in late March or early April. à ………………………………………………………….. 10. The pupil gets the scholarship. He is poor. à ……………………………………………………………. Exercise 6: Combine each pair of these sentences 1.The house is very modern. It has a beautiful garden. ->____________________________________________________ 2.That man seem very lonely.His wife and family are away. ->___________________________________________________ 3.He is a reliable friend. I can trust him with anything. ->___________________________________________________ 4.That mountain is difficult to climb. It has many dangerous slopes. ->________________________________________________________ 5. Those prize pigeons have been stolen.They were very valuable ->__________________________________________________________ 6. our dog lucky is seven years old. He is a great favorite with the family. ->__________________________________________________________ 7. The man is coming to tea. He wrote this poem. ->__________________________________________________________ 8. my brother Jack is a pop singer. You saw him yesterday. ->__________________________________________________________ 9. The magazine is very interesting. You lent it to me. ->__________________________________________________________ 10. The dress is lovely. You are wearing it. ->__________________________________________________________ 11. Was the hat very expensive? You were wearing it yesterday. ->__________________________________________________________ 12. The restaurant always serves good food. We enjoy having dinner there. ->__________________________________________________________ 13. The man is a teacher. You spoke to him in the street. ->__________________________________________________________ 14. There is the lady. Her purse has been stolen. ->__________________________________________________________ 15. Where is the man? He sold me these sun-glasses. ->__________________________________________________________ 16. The paint on the seat is still wet. You are sitting on it. ->__________________________________________________________ 17. All the people have disliked him. I have ever met these people. ->__________________________________________________________
18. Her father has just returned. He has been to Paris. ->__________________________________________________________ 19. Bill wants to go out with me. We saw him at the dance. ->__________________________________________________________ 20. Flies carry disease. They come mostly in the summer. ->___________________________________________________________ 21. Swimming is a good sport. It makes people strong. ->___________________________________________________________ 22. Grass is always green in England. Cows and horses love it. ->__________________________________________________________ 23. Air is made up of many gases. We breathe it. ->___________________________________________________________ 24. Jackie Chan is a famous actor. I know his sister well. ->___________________________________________________________ 25. The house needs mending. We are living in it. ->___________________________________________________________ 26. This tree should be cut down. The branches of the tree are dead. ->___________________________________________________________ 27. Tell me the reason. You left the city for it. ->___________________________________________________________ 28. That river is not safe for swimming. Its water is polluted. ->___________________________________________________________ 29. Can you suggest the time? We’ll meet at that time. ->___________________________________________________________ 30. Mr Johnson is going to Spain. His daughter has been living there for 4 years. ->__________________________________________________________ Exercise 7: Combine each pair of these sentences. Use who/ which. Start each sentence with the. 1. I man has gone to the prison. He shot two policemen. -> ........................................................................................................................................... 2. A building has now been rebuilt. It was destroyed in the fire. -> ........................................................................................................................................... 3. A scientist has won the Nobel Prize. He discovered a new planet -> ........................................................................................................................................... 4. A bomb caused a lot of damage. It went off this morning. -> ........................................................................................................................................... 5. A little girl has been found safe and well. She has been missing since Tuesday -> ........................................................................................................................................... 6. A company has laid off thousands of workers. It owns Greenway Supermarkets. -> ........................................................................................................................................... 7. A girl is now in hospital. She was injured in the accident. -> ........................................................................................................................................... 8. A bus runs every hour. it goes to the airport. -> ........................................................................................................................................... 9, A footballer has been banned from playing again. He took drugs. -> ........................................................................................................................................... 10. A car looks very futuristic. It won the race last year. -> ........................................................................................................................................... Exercise 8: Choose the best answer
The story …. Tom tells are usually very funny
a. when b. that c. where d. who
I met the woman …. Can speak six languages
a. who b. that c. which d. whom
Have you ever seen the money….. was on the table
a. who b. which c. where d. whom
The factory ….. Jonh works in is the biggest in the world
a. when b. where c. which d. how
I don’t agree with … you have said
a. what b. who c. when d. which
The reason …. I phone him was to invite to the party
a. what b. whose c. why d. which
That man overthere,….name I don’t remember,is an artist
a. who b. whose c. whom d. which
Jim passed his driving test,… surprised every body
a. who b. which c. whose d. whom
Do you remember the day …. We first met
a. who b. what c. where d. when 10. Everything …. I told you are true a. That b. what c. when d. who 11.Tet is a festival........occurs in late January or early February .
A.which
B.when
C.where
D.in which
12.Family members..........live apart try to be together at Tet.
A.whose
B.why
C.who
D.whom
13. we will soon gather at the village...............the festival is taking .
A.which
B.when
C.where
D.in which
14.I couldn’t go to the show...........was held in Hoi An last summer .
A.which
B.when
C.who
D.where
15. The man............is a manager is 45 years old .
A.Whom
B.who
C.what
D.whose
16. To the mother ............feelings for me are so strong that the word love can’t describe them .
A. who
B.whom
C.whose
D.that
17. That is a house..............I was born .
A.in which
B.in that
C.which in
D.in where
18. I recently visited the school..............I used to study five years ago .
A.which
B.where
C.that
D.at where
19. Mount Pinatubo, ..........is a volcano in the Philippines, erupted in 1991
A. when
B. where
C. which
D. at that
20. Lan is a small girl .............mother tells her about Tidal wave in Japan last year
A. who
B. whose
C. that
D. whom
21. The country.............won the 1998 Tiger Cup is Singapore .
A. at where
B. which
C. when
D. in that
22. Ba,..............lives on Trang Tien Street, likes playing the guitar .
A. who
B. whose
C. which
D. whom
23. Andrew is flying to Sacramento,.........is the capital city of California .
A. to where
B. which
C. to which
D. to that
24. The explorer .................discovered America is Christopher Columbus .
A. who
B. which
C. in that
D. Whose
25. Miss Lien ,...............he is talking to , is my English teacher .
A. to whom
B. whose
C. to who
D. whom
26. The novel.............you gave me on my birthday has been lost .
A. in that
B. that
C. which in
D. at which
Exercise9: combine the following sentences
William want to become a judge.William’s brother is a lawyer
Jame wrote an article.The article indicated that Jonh dislike the president
She is a lady.He argued with her
That is the shop.I bought a radio from it
John reveived a scholarship.John’s grade are the highest in the class
Those birds migrate to Antartica.They breed neer to north pole
My sister want to speak.You saw her yesterday
They’ve got three cars.They never use 2 of them
It has been raining all day.I hate this weather
10. Hoan Kiem is a historical place.They want to visit during their holiday
CHAPTER 10: CONNECTIVES (And, or, but, so, therefore, however, because, although, inspite of, ) 1.And (và,cũn) Sue and I go shopping 2. Or (hoặc) su chon lua Is she a teacher or doctor? 3.but (nhưng) su tuong phan I invited all my class mate to my party but only 10 people come 4. so (do vậy) dung de chi ket qua I had a toothache so I went to see a dentist 5. therefore (do đó) He’s only 14 years old,therefore he is not enuogh old to drive a car 6.however (tuy nhiờn) I feel tired,However I have to finish my work 7. Because (bởi vỡ) + S + V Because of + N / V – ing I go to bed early because it is rain I go to bed early because of raining 8. Though / Althuogh / Even thuogh + S + V …(mặc dự) In spite of / Despite + N / V – ing/ the fact that + clause Although the weather was bad, I went out with my friends In spite of the bad weather, I went out with my friends
(I)Fill in the blanks with and, or, but, or so, because, therefore, however, although, inspite of
you can sing a song ____you can tell a funny story
We’ve tried hard,____ we never successed
She pick up her bag _____ hurried ran towards the bus getting into the station.
we’ve planned for a picnic ____ the rain let us down
Bring an umbrella with you,____ you ‘ll get wet
the weather was terrible,____ they canceled the flight.
The house was on fire,_____ they managed to save it.
Open the door _____ let it some fresh air.
I like drawing,______ my sister has given me a box of color pencils.
I often tell my little brother a story,_____ not a long one, so that he get to sleep.
Sinh decided to leave school ____ I advised him not to do so
_____ feeling rather ill, he didn’t wear any warm clothes to school.
People still smoke _____ knowing the dangers.
He managed to go to school _____ his right leg is injured.
He bought the pen _____ its high price.
_____ my father is up to neck at work, he always spends some time talking to me every day.
Polly's watch was broken………she borrowed mine.
My family went to Africa………we wanted to study the wild animals.
Melissa tried to read the book………she couldn't understand it.
She isn't English. ………, she speaks English perfectly.
They went to town………bought a lot of clothes.
The road was under water. ………, the police closed it to traffic.
the air is polluted………there is too much traffic.
I haven't got a car………I've got a motorbike.
Which color do you want - red, green, yellow, ………blue?
She is working late next Friday……… she can't come to the party.
(II)Combine the following pairs of sentences using therefore,however,or because,although, even though.
Thi hated going to the beach. She was afraid of high waves
(III).Correct the underlined words where necessary.
She failed because she didn’t work hard
However it was raining heavily, We canceled the game.
I like soccer very much. But I can’t play it.
There was a serious accident on National Road 1. So the traffic was heavily blocked.
She can’t see well so she has to wear glasses.
Everybody loves him because he is always ready to help.
Therefore he successfully passed the final exam, his family is very proud of him.
The teacher ended the class earlier than usual however she had something to do.
The alarm unfortunately stopped working therefore he was late for class.
The whole family wanted to eat out to night. However, my father suggested that we should cook something and enjoy our happy time together.
Choose the best answer
The new camera didn’t work,.....................Minh took it..............to the shop.
A.so/ back
B.because/ to
C.and/ from
D.since/ out
We can not swim in this part of the river.............the water is highly polluted
A.because
B.moreover
C.but
D.so
I’m tired.............................I stayed up late watching TV .
A.since
B.and
C.when
D.so
. She wants to go home...................................she feels sick .
A.if
B.because
C.until
D.because of
There will be big floods every year............................you cut down the trees .
A.as
B.since
C.if
D.so
Baths use twice as much water as showers,................I suggest taking shower .
A.because
B.however
C.besides
D.so
I’d love to play volleyball .........I have to complete an assignment
A. however
B. and
C.but
D.so
. Lan failed her English,................., she has to do the test a gain .
A.therefore
B.however
C.because
D.but
Minh got wet,...........he forgot his raincoat .
A.so
B.because
C.and
D.therefore
We should buy a ladder.................we need to fix the roof .Because there must be strong wind blowing .
A. in addition
B. in case
C. therefore
D. so
21.I’ll bring a raincoat.......................it rains
A.so
B.in case
C.but
D.since
My father has to go to work..................it is raining hard .
A.because
B.but
C.though
D.so
4-Viết lại các câu sau sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi: 1) Although Tom was a poor student, he studied very well. => In spite of ______________________________________________ 2) Mary could not go to school because she was sick. =>Because of ______________________________________________ 3) Although the weather was bad, she went to school on time. => Despite ________________________________________________ 4) My mother told me to go to school although I was sick. => In spite of _______________________________________________. 5) Because there was a big storm, I stayed at home. => Because of _______________________________________________ 6) Tom was admitted to the university although his grades were bad. =>Despite __________________________________________________ 7) Although she has a physical handicap, she has become a successful woman. => Despite __________________________________________________ 8) In spite of his god salary, Tom gave up his job. => Although _________________________________________________ 9) Though he had not finished the paper, he went to sleep. => In spite of _________________________________________________ 10) In spite of the high prices, my daughter insists on going to the movies. => Even though ________________________________________________. **Adverb clauses of reason: 1. They like him because he is kind. -> Because of_________________________________________ 2. I can’t sleep because it is cold. -> ___________________________________________________ 3. We came late because there was the traffic jam ->____________________________________________________ 4. She went to bed early because she felt tired. -> ____________________________________________________ 5. The test is difficult, so we can’t do it. ->_____________________________________________________ 6. They didn’t go for a picnic because there was a storm. ->_____________________________________________________ 7. I can’t study because it is noisy outside. ->_____________________________________________________ 8. All the teacher love him because his conduct is good. ->_____________________________________________________ 9. Because she didn’t get up early, she missed the first bus. ->_____________________________________________________ 10. She didn’t go to school because she was sick. -> ____________________________________________________ 11. Because there was a strike, the workers stopped working. ->_____________________________________________________ 12. We couldn’t drive because the streets are crowded. ->_____________________________________________________ 13. She worked very hard to earn a lot of money because her mother was sick. ->_____________________________________________________ 14. Because it snowed continuously, we couldn’t go out. ->_____________________________________________________ 15. The accident happened because the driver was careless. ->_____________________________________________________ 16. Because the door was broken, we decided to fix it. ->_____________________________________________________ 17. Because my friend was absent, I must copy all the lesson for him. ->_____________________________________________________ *18. Although she was clever, she didn’t succeed. -> in spite of_________________________________________ 19. Although my grandfather is old, he walks to the pagoda every day. ->_____________________________________________________ 20. He is unhappy though he has a good salary. ->_____________________________________________________
CHAPTER 11 - ARTICLE
THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE “A” & “AN”(MẠO TỪ KO XÁC ĐỊNH “A”& “AN”).
Hỡnh thức :
Mạo từ không xác đinh có hai hỡnh thức “a”&”an”. + Mạo từ “a” được trước các danh từ bắt đầu bằng các phụ âm. a book : một quyển sỏch a chair : một cỏi ghế + Mạo từ “an” được trước các danh từ bắt đầu bằng các nguyên âm: a, e, i, o, u… hoặc h câm. an arm-chair : một cỏi ghế bành an umbrella : một cỏi dự an hour : một giờ an honest man : một người thật thà Lưu ý: Ta dùng “ a” trước các danh từ bắt đầu bằng “u” khi “u” được đọc lµ /ju/ . a uniform a university a union b. cỏch dựng : * Mạo từ không xác định dùng trước danh từ đếm được ở số ít. * Ta dùng mạo từ “a” và “an” khi người nghe chưa chưa biết ta nói về cái gỡ. Ta dựng “the” cho người hay vật được nhắc đến trước đó, nghĩa là người nghe hiểu được ta đang nói về cái gỡ. I have a dog. (Người nghe chưa biết ta nói về con cho nào) c. Những trường hợp không dùng mạo từ không xác định: + Không bao giờ dùng “a” hay “an” trước danh từ số nhiều. a chair chairs an umbrella umbrellas + Không bao giờ dùng “a”, hay “an” trước danh từ không đếm được. + Khụng bao giờ dựng “a” hay “an” trrước danh từ trừu tượng.
THE DEFINITE ARTICLE “THE” (MẠO TỪ XÁC ĐỊNH “THE”). 1. Cách phát âm mạo từ xác định "The": a. Đọc /ðə/ trước phụ âm: VD : the boy b. Đọc / ði/ trước nguyên âmhoặc h câm: VD : the animal the honest man 2. Mạo từ xác định có thể được dùng với danh từ đếm được và không đếm được, số ít lẫn số nhiều. 3. Mạo từ "The" được dùng trước: a. Danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật vừa mới được nói tới: lần đầu dùng a/ an lần sau dùng "the". VD :A child was crossing the road. Mr B stopped his car and waited for the child to cross. b. Người hoặc vật chỉ có 1: VD : the President the moon c. Số thứ tự: VD : Room 101 is on the first floor. d. Danh từ riêng ở số nhiều: VD : the Browns (gia đình ông Brown) e. Tính từ dùng như danh từ số nhiều: VD : the blind (hội người mù) f. Tính từ dùng như danh từ trừu tượng: VD : the beautiful (cái đẹp), the good (cái tốt) g. Tên biển, đại dương, sông, dãy núi: VD : the Atlantic (Đại Tây Dương), the Red river (Sông Hồng) h. Tên nước số nhiều: VD : the Philippines, the United States, the USA, the Great Britain (United Kingdom), the Holland. i. Tên bốn phương: VD : the East, the West, the South, the North (Đông, Tây, Nam, Bắc) j. Tên tàu thủy: VD : the Titanic k. Tên báo chí: VD : the Times (thời báo) l. Danh từ tập hợp: VD : the army and the navy (Lục quân và hải quân) m. Hình thức so sánh bậc hơn diễn tả tỉ lệ thuận hoặc nghich giữa hai việc: VD : The more I know him, the more I like him.(Tôi càng biết anh, tôi càng mến anh) n. Trong một số thành ngữ: VD : in the morning, in the afternoon, all the year around (quanh năm) in the country 4. Mạo từ "The" không được dùng trước: a. Danh từ số nhiều với nghĩa chung: VD : Cats catch mice. b. Danh từ trừu tượng với nghĩa chung: VD : Independence or death (Độc lập hay cái chết) c. Danh từ chỉ chất liệu với nghĩa chung: VD : Gold is a valuable mental. (Vàng là một kim loại quý) d. Danh từ bữa ăn: VD : Breakfast is ready. e. Danh từ màu sắc: VD : He likes green. f. Danh từ về tiếng nói các nước: VD : His native language is English.(Tiếng mẹ đẻ của anh ấy là Tiếng Anh.) g. Danh từ về các môn học, nghệ thuật, thể thao, trò chơi: VD : Football is my favorite game. h. Danh từ về những ngày trong tuần, tháng, mùa, ngày lễ: VD : He goes to school every day except Sunday. (Anh ta đến trường mọi ngày trong tuần trừ CN.) MayDay. i. Danh từ chỉ chức vị đi với danh từ riêng: VD : President Lincold. j. Các danh từ chỉ phương tiện VD : by car l. Trong một số thành ngữ; VD : next Tuesday last Monday at noon (vào buổi trưa) at night (vào buổi tối) by night (ban đêm, về đêm) from north to south (từ Bắc sang Nam) EXERCISE : ARTICLES I. Add "a' or "an" where necessary: 1. He drove the car at ninety miles .......... hour. 2. My brother wants to be.............. engineer. 3. ......... cigarette ......... is made of ............. tobacco and .............. paper. 4. ............. milk comes from .......... cow. 5. We make ............... butter and cheese from ........ milk. 6. .............. window is made of glass. 7. ......... cat has .......... tail. 8. ............. coffee is ........... drink. 9. ........... fish swims in .......... water. 10. ............. rose is .......... beautiful flower. 11. We eat ............. soup with .............. spoon. 12. I can write .......... letter in ............. ink or with ................. pencil. II. Add "a", "an" or "the" where necessary: 1. .............. friend of mine has two dogs and ........... cat. 2. Put your bag in ................ back of ...........car. 3. Which is ................. quickest way to ............. Star Hotel? 4. It is ....... pity that ................ friends you spoke of have not come. 5. Would you like .......... cup of .............. tea and ......... cake? 6. It's beter to tell ....... truth than to tell ............... lies. 7. We had dinner together at ............... good restaurant yesterday. 8. ........... Thames, ............. Seine and .............. Rhine are famous rivers. 9. Mothers often tell ........... small children ........... stories before bedtime. 10. I dislike towns but I like ............. countryside. 11. Where is ......... hat that I bought yesterday? 12. Smith, ..........man you met yesterday, is ........... honest man. 13. .............. cheese, .............. butter, .......... iron and ................ milk are all substances. 14. ............. Alps are ............ highest mountain in ................ Europe. 15. He crossed ................ Atlantic in .............. record time. 16. It's .......... shame! There won't be another train for at least hour. 17. Stay in .......... hotel or ........... inn near ........... station. 18. ................ wool is one of .............. chief exports from ............. Australia. 19. I had ............. lunch with ............. old friend on ............... Saturday. 20. What ............... weather! ........... rain hasn't stopped all ...........day. 21. Out of .......... sight, out of .............. mind. 22. He collects .............. butterflies, ............. stamps and ................ match boxes. 23. .............. cat caught .......... mouse yesterday but .............. lucky mouse escaped. 24. I like ............. lot of .............. milk in my tea and ..........few lumps of .......... sugar. 25. He came to see me .............. last week and said it was last opportunity he would have. 26. In ................. last week of ............... year we had .......... lot of snow. 27. ................ nature is more wonderful than ....... works of ........... man. 28. He works all .........day and every day from ........ morning till late ................ night. 29. He asked for ........ bread and ........butter: ......... loaf of .......... former and ........... pound of ........ latter. 30. He won ............... prize of ............... hundred pounds and spent it all in ................. week. 31. He became ................. soldier and proved to be ................. good soldier. 32. He is ........... man for .............. job! None other can do it so well.
Exercise 1: Choose the best answer
Albert Einstein was ….famous scientist
a. a b. an c. the d. X
Albert Einstein was born in ….Germany n 1879
a. a b. an c. the d. X
Albert Einstein won …..Nobel Prize in physics in 1921
a. a b. an c. the d. X
Albert Einstein left his country and live in ….States until he died in 1955
a. a b. an c. the d. X
Albert Einstein is known for his theory of … Relatively
a. a b. an c. the d. X
Roentgen was ….Germany physist who discover X-Ray
a. a b. an c. the d. X
Roentgen won ….1901 Nobel Prize
a. a b. an c. the d. X
Mandela was born in ….South Africa
a. a b. an c. the d. X
Mandela was …first president elected in ….South Africa after ….Apartheid was revoked
a. a-the-the b. the-X-X c. a-X-the d. the-the-the 10.Mandela was imprisoned for ….nearly 30 years for his anti-Apartheid activities a. a b. an c. the d. X 11. Mother Teresa was ….Roma Catholic nun a. a b. an c. the d. X 12. Mother Teresa became famous for her hard work with …poor a. a b. an c. the d. X 13. She was …founded of ….order of nuns called the Missionaries of Charity a. a-an b. a-X c. the-X d. the-an 14. Mother Teresa livd in …..Calcutta,India a. a b. an c. the d. X 15. Mother Teresa received …..her Nobel peace price in 1979 a. a b. an c. the d. X
CHAPTER 12 - CONDITIONAL SENTENCES I / Type 1: 1. Form
If clause
Main clause
Present simple
Future / present simple
Examples: If I go out, I will buy a newspaper. If you don’t work hard, you won’t pass the final exam. 2.USE: Dùng để diễn tả một hành động hay kết quả có thể sẩy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. 3. Note : - chúng ta có thể sử dụng can hoặc may thay cho will Kathy is in hospital. If I have time, I can visit her - Chúng ta không sử dụng thì tương lai trong mệnh đề chứa If II / Type 2: 1. Form
If clause
Main clause
Past simple Be (were for all persons)
Would + V-(bare form)
2.Use : Dùng để diễn tả một hành động hay kết quả không có thực ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
Examples : If I passed the exam, I would have a scholarship If I were you, I would tell him the truth. If I didn’t have a bike, I wouldn’t go to school
3.Note: - Chúng ta có thể sử dụng Could hoặc might thay thế cho would ở mệnh đề chính If I won the lottery, I could / might stop working - Chúng ta không được sử dụng would / might / could trong mệnh đề chứa If (I)/ Correct the verb form : 1. If you are hungry, I (make) you something to eat. 2. If I see Mark, I (invite) him out for dinner 3. I’ll visit Nga if I (go) to Ha Noi. 4. If she (ask) me,I’ll help her. 5. If you (not get) to bed now, you can’t get up early tomorrow morning. 6. I don’t think I will join you if it (keep) raining like this. 7. I (not take) the bus if it is too late. 8. If you go on playing truant, the teacher (not let) you sit the final exam. 9. If I (see) Tom, I will tell him 10. Cats could fly if they (have) wings 11. If Lan (study) harder,She would get better mark 12. you will be late for class if you (not hurry) 13. If today (be) a holiday, I would stay in bed all day. 14. If he (enjoy) concert why doesn’t he come with us? 15. If she (make) him change his mind, she would save him a lot of troubles. 16.If you ( go) away, please write to me. 17. If you ( be) in, I should have given it to you. 18. If he (eat) another cake, he will be sick. 19. I ( not do ) that if I (be) you. 20. If he (take) my advice, everything can go well. 21. I would have come sooner if I ( know) you were here. 22. He never does homework. If he ( do) his homework, he (not worry) about his examination. 23.It’s too bad we lost the game. If you (play) for us, we( win). 24.What you (do) if she refuses your invitation? 25. If today (be) Sunday, we (go) to the beach. 26. Unless they (pass) their examinations, they would join the army. 27. You (be) ill if you drink that water. 28. If Tom (go) to bed earlier, he would not be so tired. 29. Had we known your address, we( write) you a letter. 30. If it’s raining heavily, we (not go) for a donkey ride. 31. If he (try) hard, he’ll pass the axamination. 32. I could understand the French teacher if she (speak) more slowly. 33.If she (not be) busy, she would have come to the party. 34. If I (finish) the work in time, I ( go) to the football game. 35. If you( see) Mary today, please ( ask) her to call me.
(II)/ Rewrite sentences so that the meaning stay the same. 1. I don’t buy it because I don’t have enough money If I _________________________________________________________ 2. I am busy now, so I can’t help you If I _________________________________________________________ 3. There will be a shortage of water unless it rains If ___________________________________________________________ 4. John is fat because she eat many chips If she ________________________________________________________ 5. I’ll only help you if you promise to try harder Unless _______________________________________________________ 6. If it doesn’t rain soon, the crops will be lost Unless _______________________________________________________ 7. I am very tired so I can’t concentrate properly. If ___________________________________________________________ 8.We don’t have a garden, so we don’t grow our own vegetables. If ___________________________________________________________ 9.He doesn’t give you good advice because he isn’t your true friend. If ___________________________________________________________ 10.We come late because the rain is so heavy. If ___________________________________________________________ 11.You don’t get better marks because you don’t study harder. If _____________________________________________________________ 12.She is very busy so she can’t go out tonight. If _____________________________________________________________ 13.I don’t know anything about her background, so I can’t tell you. If ______________________________________________________________ 14. I wasn’t hungry so I didn’t feel like eating. If _____________________________________________________________ 15. She’s so shy, that why she doesn’t have many friends. If ______________________________________________________________ 16. I remembered Susan’s birthday only because you reminded me about it. If ________________________________________________________________ 17. The car in front stopped so suddenly, so I crashed into its back. If _________________________________________________________________ 18. They painted the wall brown; that’s why the house looked very dark. If ________________________________________________________________ Conditional Sentence Type I : 1/ My brother will have enough money. He will buy a bicycle. àIf ___________________________________________________________ 2/ I’ll buy a new hat. I’ll give it to you. àIf ___________________________________________________________ 3/ You’ll ask the teacher. He’ll explain the lesson to you. àIf ___________________________________________________________ Conditional Sentence Type II : 1/ I don’t have enough money. I can’t go on a long holiday this year. àIf ___________________________________________________________ 2/ I don’t have a typewriter. I can’t type it myself. ® ____________________________________________________________ 3.I don't live in a big city, so I can't go to the cinema very often. àIf ___________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Lan doesn’t have a bike, she walk to school. àIf____________________________________________________________________________________ Conditional Sentence Type III: 1. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the train. -> If_____________________________________________________________ 2. We canceled our picnic because it rained very hard yesterday. -> If_____________________________________________________________ Choose the best anawer
He’ll go with us __ it rains
Life will be destroyed __ all our sources
a. as long as b. unless c. if d. whether
__ we can find new sources of energy,our life come to an end
a. unless b. when c. if d. b or c
___ you phone me when you come to England?
A. do b. have c. will d. would
Unless we hurry,we’ll __ the bus
a. miss b. remember c. catch d. get in
If you stay up late the previous night,you ___ sleepy the next morning a. feel b. t feel c. feels d. will feel
Will you go to see the doctor if you ___ a headache?
A. has b. will have c. having d. have
Unless you ___ smoking your health won’t get worse
a. cntinue b. continued c. are countinuing d. will continue
He won’t speak English ___ he goes to England
a. when b. if c. unless d. which
If you aren’t carefylly,you will ___ it
a. spoiling b. spoil c. be spoiled d. to spoil
If Mrs Laura Taylor ____ 5 years younger,she would walk round
a. was b. is c. had been d. were
If you ___ hard,you will pass the exam
a. study b. studied c. will study d. would study
He will not learn much ___ he work harder
a. if b. unless c. as d. because
If I were him I ___ smoking
a. will stop b. stopped c. would stop d. shall stop
If he ___ early,he’d get to work on time
a. got up b. gets up c. get up d. has got up
____you ____your dinner if your mother was will?
a. will …cook b. will cook c. would cook d. would … cook
I’d tell you if I ___ the answer
a. know b. knows c. knew d. will have known
If we had more time,we _____ for a picnic
a. will go b. would go c. went d. will have gone
What ___you ___ if your father gave you $200?
A. will …buy b. will buy c. would … buy d. would buy
If you ____ ,you be late
a. not hurry b. won’t hurry c. doesn’t hurry d. don’t hurry
What ____ if he fell ill?
A. would happen b. will happen c. shall happen d. happened
If John ___ to his home town,he would visit his mother
a. go b. has gone c. went d. had gone
If she ___ here now,she could give us some advices
a. a. is b. was c. were d. has been
I ___ not loose my way if I ___ you
a. would/was b. would/were c. will/am d. will/was
____ I came,she was learning
a. when b. if c. because d. as soon as
I ____ not be late for class if I ____ you
a. would/was b. would /were c. will/am d. will/was
If I were you,I would ____ her
a. marry b. to marry c. married d. marrying
You ____ the exam unless you study hard
a. will fail b. would fail c. will pass d. would pass
If it ____ , I shall take an umnrella with me
a. rain b. rains c. to rain d. rained
I ____ be able to give you the answer if you asked me tomorrow
a. would b. will c. should d. might
If I ____ the teacher,I would give an easier test
a. was b. were c. is d. am
If I were you,I ____ visit them without an invitation
a. won’t b. hadn’t c. don’t d. wouldn’t
If you want ___ there before dark,you should start at one
a. get b. to get c. getting d. got
Ask him ____ in don’t keep him standing at the door
a. come b. came c. to come d. coming
I don’t know him but he looks as if he _____ be his brother
a. can b. could c. would d. should
If it ____ fine,I shall go out
a. was b. will be c. is d. were
If you look hard enough,you ____ it
a. will find b. will be finding c. are finding d. found
CHAPTER 13 - PHRASAL VERBS
Một số cụm động từ thường được sử dụng
Turn on Turn off give up keep on calm down look after look for look at look up wake up go on ….
run into ran out eat out come across fill in stand out stand for pass away take after take care of take part in ….
(I)/ Fill in the blanks with the suitable form of the phrasal verbs in the box 1.Oh my God! My computer ___ again. This is the third time this week 2. Why are you so upset? Lien didn’t intend to spill coffee on you.______! 3. Please don’t ____ the TV. I’m doing my homework 4. How about ____ tonight. I really don’t like to cook 5. My father knows smoking isn’t good for his health, but he can’t _____. 6. I’m not ready to stop yet. I think I’ll ___ working for a while. 7. I _____ one of my high school friend this morning. We haven’t seen each other for years. 8. have you ever had to ______ a baby for the whole week? 9. this machine automatically _____ after 2 minutes not in use 10. The sound he made ______ the whole street. (II)/ Replace the underline with an aquivalent phrasal verb in the box 1.A : Can you tell me what this word mean? B : Why don’t you check its meaning in the dictionary? 2. That guy died very young in an accident 3. The class meeting was postponed until futher notice. 4. The little boy said that when he was older, he wanted to be a pilot. 5. Who do you want to see? 6. We can believe him. He is reliable. 7. Could you please complete this form? 8. He looks like his father 9. You did a good job, Nhung! Your work really is excellent 10. a lot of people in my neighborhood get up early and do morning exercise III/ Complete the dialogues, using the correct form of the phrase verbs in the box.
look after/ take off / fill in / turn up / give up / try on / keep up/ turn off/ see off/ look up / run out/ break down
1. A; What shall I do with this form? B ; Just fill it in and send it to the address at the top. 2. A: Is Sonnia a fast runner? B: Oh, yes. Nobody else can ………with her. 3. A: Why didn't you buy a dictionary? B: The bookstore has ………of them. 4. A: Is Cathy going to Australia tomorrow? B: Yes, I'm going to ………her……… 5. A: Would you like to go to the movies with us? B: I'd love to but I have to……… my youngest sister. 6. A: Why are you so late? B: I'm sorry. My car………on the way here. 7. A: Why don't you ……… that dress in the window? B: No, I don't like it color. 8. A: Have you got Tamara's phone number? B: No. but if you want to know, you can………it………in the phone book. 9. A: Hello, Tom. B: Hello, Michelle. Good to see you. Come in and ………your coat……… . 10. A: You shouldn't leave the television on all night. B: Sorry, I forgot. I usually ………it………before going to bed.
11. A: Have you met Jame yet? B: No, I haven't. I arranged to meet her after work last night but she didn't ……… 12. A: So how long is it since you ………smoking? B: Well, I stopped smoking three years ago. Choose the best answer 1.I got up late in the morning because my a larm clock didn’t.....................
A.go off
B.get off
C.put off
D.come off
2. My parents.........me.........at the railway station .
A.saw /on
B.saw /off
C.took / off
D. left / off
3. Lan dropped his watch when he was...............the bus .
A.turning off
B. getting off
C.taking off
D.going off
4.Could you.............the radio ? I’m trying to finish this assignment .
A.turn on
B.turn off
C.turn in
D.turn over
5. Can you ........the volume, Hoa ? I want to listen to the weather forecast tomorrow .
A.turn up
B.take up
C.put up
D.go up
6.Remember to............your shoes when you go into the temple .
A.put in
B.put on
C.take on
D.take off
CHAPTER 14 - ADJS + THAT CLAUSE & ADJS TO + INFINITIVES (I)/ form :
S + be + adjective of feeling + that + s + V + … It + be + Adjs + to + V (base form)
Examples: I’m glad that the weather is fine I was sad that he had lied to me (II)/ note : some common adjective of feeling Angry glad proud tired bored happy sad unhappy delighted kind sure unpleased disappointed please surprised upset worried Underline suitable adjectives:
I’m (glad / sad) that my parents are healthy
Mr Nam was (happy / disappointed) that he failed the driving test
Nhan’s parents (are happy / sad) that he didn’t obey them
Vi was (happy / upset) that she received a lot of beautiful wishes on her birthday.
Mr Nguyen was (upset / glad) that the flight had been delayed three times today.
Ni is (furious / delighted) that everything has gone wrong with her since early morning.
Vu is (bored / delighted) that he has nothing to do.
Loan was (surprised / disappointed) that her brother offer to help her with the housework.
Giang is (happy / annoyed) that her little brother disturbs her studying.
Anh is (disappointed / surprised) that the rains last too long.
Fill in the blanks with suitable adjectives of feeling in the box
Happy bored sure surprised worried
The teacher was ___ that the whole class got good results in the exam.
The coach was very ____ that the team would win.
Nhi is ____ that her study is becoming worse.
Ngoc is ____ that her grandma is coming to stay with her family next week.
Lam and Ling are _____ that the final exam is due very soon.
We are ____ that they refused our offer.
The singer was ____ that the whole auditorium was completely quite.
Doctor Binh is ____ the patient can recover faster than he expected.
Huong is ___ that the final test may be very difficult.
Trinh was ____ she had to part her friends in a long time.
VI/ Write the sentences, using the Adjective + to-infinitive structure: Ex: It/ difficult/ learn/ Japanese. -> It's difficult to learn Japanese. 1. We/ delighted/ get/ your/ letter/ yesterday. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 2. It/ not easy/ answer/ these questions. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 3. Your writing / difficult / read. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. I/ surprised/ see/ Paul/ the party/ last night. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 5. It/ impossible / understand/ his theory. -> …………………………………………………………………………….. 6. They/ ready/ start/ now. -> ……………………………………………………………………………..
Định nghĩa: Adjs là từ được dùng để chỉ tính chất, màu sắc, kích thước..của sự vật, hiện tượng
Về mặt hỡnh thức chỳng ta cú thể nhận biết tớnh từ ở cỏc mẫu cõu sau :
Ex: He was very ____ The____ boy is very _____ It is extremely ______
Về mặt cấu trỳc chỳng ta cú thể nhận biết cỏc Adjs khi thấy chỳng tận cựng bằng : - ful(useful; careful; harmful..); - ic(atomic); - ous(dangerous); - al(national); - ive (active) …..
Vị trớ của ADJs:
Adjs đứng trước các danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa
Lan is a goodstudent Adj N Nam and Trung are carefuldrivers Adj N
Đứng sau các động từ nôí:(Linking verbs)
(be; keep; seem; smell; sound; become; look; feel; taste) They are intelligent She look happy The cake taste delicious Please keep silent in class
Nếu cú nhiều tớnh từ cựng bổ nghĩa cho một danh từ thỡ tựy loại tớnh từ chỳng được xắp xếp theo thứ tự sau đây
Tính chất + kích thước + tuổi tác + màu sắc + quốc tịch + vật liệu Mark Twain was a famuos American writer She has beautiful big blue eyes I/ Trạng từ : (Adverbs) 1. Định nghĩa :ADVs là từ dùng để bổ ghĩa cho động từ, tính từ hoặc trạng từ khác bằng cánh mô tả cách thức, mức độ, phạm vi hoạt động hoặc tính chất do động từ, tính từ hoặc một trạng từ khỏc diễn tả 2. Chỳng ta cú thể nhận biết trạng từ bằng cỏc mõũ cõu sau He walked _____ He was ______ tired He had ____done it * Trạng từ chỉ thể cách nhằm diễn đạt cách thức của hành động được thể hiện như thế nào (nhanh, chậm, ,,,,,). Cách thành lấp là ta thêm đuôi “Ly” vào sau tính từ Happy -> happily Quick -> quickly Warm -> warmly Ngoại lệ : friendly, Godly; lonely; leisurely …là tớnh từ
Vị trớ của trạng từ trong cõu :
Đúng ngay sau động từ mà nó bổ nghĩa
He drivescarefully V Adv
Nếu đọng từ có tân ngữ thỡ nú được đặt ngay sau tân ngữ
Mai play guitar well O Adv
Để nhấn manh, các trạng từ chỉ thể cách có thể đứng trước động từ
He carefully read the book
Trạng từ có thể đứng trước một tớnh từ hoặc một trạng từ khỏc
It is extremelycold Adv Adj They swim verywell Adv Adv
nếu cú nhiều trạng từ thỡ vị trớ của chỳng được xắp xếp như sau :
Thể cách + nơi chốn + thời gian
Chỳ ý : Một vài trường hợp tớnh từ và trạng từ cú cựng hỡnh thức
Fast (nhanh) – hard (vất vả, khó khăn) – late (trễ) – long(dài) – early (sớm) – kindly (tử tế) MẸO LÀM BÀI: CÁCH CHỌN TÍNH TỪ VÀ TRẠNG TỪ ĐIỀN VÀO CHỔ TRỐNG: + Nhỡn phớa sau chổ trống (kế bờn) nếu gặp DANH TỪ thỡ điền TÍNH TỪ. Nếu gặp TÍNH TỪ hoặc ĐỘNG TỪ thỡ điền TRẠNG TỪ . Vớ dụ : I have a … book .( beautiful/beautifully). Nhỡn phớa sau cú book là danh từ nờn ta điền tính từ . I have a beautiful book. It was … done. (careful / carefully). Nhỡn phớa sau cú động từ done nờn chọn trạng từ It was carefully done. + Nếu nhỡn phớa sau khụng cú cỏc loại từ trờn thỡ nhỡn từ từ ra phớa trước : - Nếu gặp ĐỘNG TỪ thỡ chọn TRẠNG TỪ - Nếu gặp BE, LOOK, FEEL, SEEM, GET, BECOME ... thỡ chọn TÍNH TỪ His song is … bad. (extreme/extremely) => His song is extremely bad. (Cõu này bạn nhỡn phớa trước thỡ thấy to be, cũn phớa sau thỡ là adjective, thế thỡ bạn chỉ cần nghĩ ngay đến adverb ở giữa, Nhớ : Sau to be + trước Adj = Adv) She is … (beautiful/beautifully) => She is beautiful (phớa sau khụng cú gỡ hết, nhỡn từ từ ra trước có is => dùng tính từ) She was dancing very … . (beautiful/beautifully) => She was dancing verybeautifully. (phớa sau khụng cú gỡ hết, nhỡn từ từ ra trước có dancing => dùng trạng từ) Bài tập 1: Dựng tớnh từ hay trạng từ
Tom is (slow)… . He works… .
Sue is a (careful)… girl. She climbed up the ladder … .
The dog is (angry)… . It barks… .
He acted (excellent)… . He’s an … actor.
They learn English (easy)… . They think English is an … language.
Max is a (good)… singer. He sings… .
It's (awful)… cold today. The cold wind is… .
Dogs rely on their noses as they can smell (extreme / good)… . If that is true, why does dog food smell so (terrible)… ?
The little boy looked (sad)… . I went over to comfort him and he looked at me… .
I tasted the soup (careful)… but it tasted (wonderful)… .
Bài tập 2: Điền vào chỗ trống trạng từ hay tính từ:
He … reads a book. (quick)
Mandy is a … girl. (pretty)
The class is … loud today. (terrible)
Max is a … singer. (good)
You can … open this tin. (easy)
It's a … day today. (terrible)
She sings the song … . (good)
He is a … driver. (careful)
He drives the car … . (careful)
The dog barks … . (loud)
Correct the word forms
Do you have a ____ costume in your country?(NATION)
I believe you because I know you are _______(TRUTH)
Those berries are _____.Don’t eat them!(POISON)
The gas from the chemical factory was extremely ____(HARM)
Always read label on a products,it can give you useful____(INFORM)
These shoes look quite smart but they are terrible ___(COMFORT)
It’s nice shop and the assistants are all polite and very ____(HELP)
He is probably the most _____tennis player of all time (SUCCESS)
It was extremely ___of you to leave your library book on the bus(CARE)
Why was his lecture so ____?(BORE)
Do you have a ____ costume in your country?(NATION)
I believe you because I know you are _______(TRUTH)
Those berries are _____.Don’t eat them!(POISON)
The gas from the chemical factory was extremely ____(HARM)
Always read label on a products,it can give you useful____(INFORM)
These shoes look quite smart but they are terrible ___(COMFORT)
It’s nice shop and the assistants are all polite and very ____(HELP)
He is probably the most _____tennis player of all time (SUCCESS)
It was extremely ___of you to leave your library book on the bus(CARE)
Why was his lecture so ____?(BORE)
21. Although they are rich, they are .........(happy) 22. What is a........house!(love) 23. Quang is ..............kind(extreme) 24. The village is very.........(peace) 25. He is a............person(help) 26. He is an ..............of the telephone(invent) 27. The kitchen is a.........place to play(danger) 28. ..........,we miss the bus(fortune) 29. We are .........about the new year(excite) 30.I feel very .........(bore) 31. The film is very........(interest) 32. They work....... hard(real)
CHAPTER 15 - PARTICIPAL ADJECTIVES (ADJS ENDING IN “ED” AND “ING”)
Hỡnh thức phõn từ của động từ (present participal:-ing/ past participla:-ed) được dùng như tính từ. Có rát nhiều các tính từ được thành lập theo cách nói như trên
amused/ amusing(thớch thỳ, thỳ vị)
embarrassed/ embarrassing(bối rối, ngượng)
annoyed/ annoying(bực mỡnh, phiền phức)
astonished/ astonishing(ngạc nhiờn)
bored/ boring(chỏn nản)
interested/ interesting(quan tõm/ thớch thỳ)
disgusted/ disgusting(gớm/ghờ tởm)
amazed/ amazing(ngạc nhiờn)
excited/ exciting(hấp dẫn, sụi nổi)
shocked/ shocking(bị sửng sốt, gõy sửng sốt)
surprised/ suprising(ngạc nhiờn)
worried/ worring(lo õu)
depressed/ depressing(nản lũng, buồn phiền)
Tính từ tận cùng bằng “ed” mang nghĩa bị động và thường được dùng trong mẫu câu S – V – C với chủ ngữ là danh từ hay đại từ chỉ người (verbs:tobe, look, seem, feel, get, sound…)
Tính từ tận cùng băng “ing” mang nghĩa chủ động và thường được kết hợp với chủ ngữ là vật hoặc đại từ vô nhân xưng số ít
Ex: I feel tired/bored because my job is boring/tiring Những tớnh từ tận cựng bàng “ing” thường được thấy trong các cấu trúc sau:
Something + be/ look/ get ..+ “-ing adjs”
Ex: The result was disappointing
It is/ was + “-ing adjs” + to infinitive / that + s + v
Ex: It is interesting to read this story It was suprising that he passed the examination
Someone + find + someone/ something + “-ing adjs”
Ex: I find my new boss very interesting Many people find this book interesting
I am (interest) in learning English
It is (interest) to play soccer
This day is (bore). So I feel (bore)
I am (tire) because I have to do (tire) job
5. I was (shock) because of her behaviour
CHAPTER 16 - COMPARISON
A.Lý thuyết. I.So sỏnh bằng: * Form: S1 + V + as + adv + as + S2. S1 + be + as + adj + as + S2. * Eg: - She runsas quickly as her brother. - John isas tall as Tom. *So sánh không bằng/ kém hơn. * Form: (-) S1 + not + be + as/so + adj + as + S2. S1 + do/does/ did..-not + as/so + adv + as + S2. (-) S1 + be + less + adj + than + S2. S1 + V + adv + than + S2. *Eg: - He is not so good as his brother. - I am lessrich than you. II.So sánh hơn.
Đối với tính từ, trạng từ ngắn.
*Form: S1 + be + short adj-er + than + S2. S1 + V + short adv-er + than + S2. Eg : - Mr. Brownis older than Mr. Peter. - He drives faster than I (do).
Đối với tính từ, trạng từ dài.
* Form: S1 + be + more + long adj + than + S2. S1 + V + more + long adv + than + S2. Eg : - A car is more expensive than a bicycle. - Ha writes more carefully than Hai III.So sánh hơn nhất.
Đối với tính từ, trạng từ ngắn.
*Form: S + be + the + short adj-est. S + V + the + short adv-est. *Eg: - Ha isthe tallest student in my class. - Lan runsthe fastest in the class.
Đối với tính từ, trạng từ dài
*Form: S + be + the + most + long adj. S + V + the most + long adv. *Eg: - This isthe most difficult lesson in the book -Huong speaksEnglish the most fluently in my class.
IV. So sỏnh kộp:
* Form: The + short adj-er + clause , the + short adj-er + clause. The + short adv-er + clause , the + short adv-er + clause. * Eg: - The sooner we arrive, the better we do.
* Form: The + more + clause , the + more + clause. * Eg: - The more you study, the more you learn. * Các trường hợp ngoại lệ
Adj/adv
So sánh hơn
So sánh hơn nhất
Good/ well (tốt)
Better
the best
Bad/ badly (xấu)
Worse
the worst
Many/ much (nhiều)
More
the most
Little (ớt)
Less
the least
Far (xa)
farther/further
the farthest/furthest
Old (già)
older/elder
the oldest/eldest
Near (gần)
Nearer
the nearest/next
B.Bài tập. I.Choose the correct word or phrase in the brackets.(Chọn từ hoặc cụm từ đúng trong ngoặc.) 1.Of the four dresses, I like the red one(better/best) 2. Bill is the (happier/happiest) person we know. 3. Pat’s cat is (faster/fastest) than Peter’s. 4.This poster is (colourfuler/more colourful) than the one in the hall. 5.Does Fred feel ( weller/better) today than he did yesterday? 6.This vegetable soup tastes very( good/best) 7.Jane is the ( less/least) athletic of all the women. 8. My cat is the ( prettier/ prettiest) of the two. 9.This summary is ( the better/ the best) of the pair. 10. The colder the weather gets,(sicker/the sicker) I feel.
II.Put the correct forms of the adjectives and adverbs in the brackets. ( Dựng hỡnh thức đúng của tính từ/ trạng từ trong ngoặc.) 1.Mary is (pretty) as her sister. 2. A new house is (expensive) than an old one. 3. His joib is( important) than mine. 4. Of the four ties, I like the red one(well). 5. Nobody is (happy) than Miss Snow. 6.Today English is the ( international) of languages. 7.Jonh is much( strong) than I thought. 8. Benches are ( comfortable) than arm- chairs. 9. Bill is (good) than you thought. 10.Mr Bush is the (delightful) person I have ever known. 11.Dick is the ( careful) of the three workers. 12.Is the book( interesting) than the one you read last week? 13. Gold is ( preciuos) than iron. 14.The weather today is ( warm) than the weather yesterday. 15.This film is not (good) as the one we saw last week. 16.Holidays are( pleasant) than working days. 17.Which is ( high) mountain in your coutry? 18. A house is ( strong) than a dog. 19. Robert is ( fat) than his brother. 20.The Pacific is ( large) ocean in the world. III. Rewrite these sentences, using the beginning words.( Viết lại câu sau, bắt đầu bằng các từ cho sẵn). 1.Yesterday the temperature was nine degrees. Today it’s only six degrees. => It’s ……………………………………………………………………. 2.The journey takes four hours by car and five hours by train. =>It takes…………………………………………………………………. 3. We were very busy at work today. We are not as busy as that every day. => We……………………………………………………………………… 4. Jane cooks better than her sister. => Jane’s sister……………………………………………………………. 5.Tom is the best football player in this team. => Nobody in this team………………………………………………….. IV. Choose the best answer: 1. She is the______ daughter in the family. a. older b. more old c. eldest d. oldest 2. She speaks English as______ as you. a. clear b. clearly c. clearness d. very clear 3. HCM city is ______ than Nha Trang a. more large b. as large c. not so large d. larger 4. Your pencil is ______ as mine. a. as sharp b. not sharp c. sharper d. sharp 5. This car is ______ than mine. a. less expensive b. as expensive c. more rich d.not so expensive 6. The______ he is, the more miserable he gets. a. richer b. more riches c. more rich d.noneis correct 7. He is the student in this class. a. very intelligent b. most intelligent c. more intelligent d.less intelligent 8. Despite its smaller size, the Indian Ocean______ the Atlantic Ocean. a. as deep as b. is the same deep as c. deeper as d. is as deep as 9. Sharon______ from other women I know. a. different b. as different c. differs d.more different 10. This one is prettier, but it costs______ as the one. a. as much as b. twice as much c. as many d.twice as many
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- for........
Pasive : S + be + V(ed/3) + (by + O)
John had his flat pạinted yesterday.
It is believed that David left New Zealand last week.
Form: 
Form: 
